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ch I ought to pay on the road。 However； as I was positive； he took the guinea for himself； but； as a condition； insisted on accompanying me； to prevent my meeting with any trouble or imposition on the way。
I then retired to my apartment with regret。 The night was so fine that I would gladly have rambled about much longer； yet； recollecting that I must rise very early； I reluctantly went to bed； but my senses had been so awake； and my imagination still continued so busy； that I sought for rest in vain。 Rising before six； I scented the sweet morning air； I had long before heard the birds twittering to hail the dawning day； though it could scarcely have been allowed to have departed。
Nothing； in fact； can equal the beauty of the northern summer's evening and night； if night it may be called that only wants the glare of day； the full light which frequently seems so impertinent； for I could write at midnight very well without a candle。 I contemplated all Nature at rest； the rocks； even grown darker in their appearance； looked as if they partook of the general repose； and reclined more heavily on their foundation。 〃What；〃 I exclaimed； 〃is this active principle which keeps me still awake？ Why fly my thoughts abroad； when everything around me appears at home？〃 My child was sleeping with equal calmnessinnocent and sweet as the closing flowers。 Some recollections； attached to the idea of home； mingled with reflections respecting the state of society I had been contemplating that evening； made a tear drop on the rosy cheek I had just kissed； and emotions that trembled on the brink of ecstasy and agony gave a poignancy to my sensations which made me feel more alive than usual。
What are these imperious sympathies？ How frequently has melancholy and even misanthropy taken possession of me； when the world has disgusted me； and friends have proved unkind。 I have then considered myself as a particle broken off from the grand mass of mankind； I was alone； till some involuntary sympathetic emotion； like the attraction of adhesion； made me feel that I was still a part of a mighty whole； from which I could not sever myselfnot； perhaps； for the reflection has been carried very far； by snapping the thread of an existence； which loses its charms in proportion as the cruel experience of life stops or poisons the current of the heart。 Futurity； what hast thou not to give to those who know that there is such a thing as happiness！ I speak not of philosophical contentment； though pain has afforded them the strongest conviction of it。
After our coffee and milkfor the mistress of the house had been roused long before us by her hospitalitymy baggage was taken forward in a boat by my host； because the car could not safely have been brought to the house。
The road at first was very rocky and troublesome； but our driver was careful； and the horses accustomed to the frequent and sudden acclivities and descents； so that； not apprehending any danger； I played with my girl； whom I would not leave to Marguerite's care； on account of her timidity。
Stopping at a little inn to bait the horses； I saw the first countenance in Sweden that displeased me； though the man was better dressed than any one who had as yet fallen in my way。 An altercation took place between him and my host； the purport of which I could not guess； excepting that I was the occasion of it； be it what it would。 The sequel was his leaving the house angrily； and I was immediately informed that he was the custom…house officer。 The professional had indeed effaced the national character； for； living as he did within these frank hospitable people； still only the exciseman appeared； the counterpart of some I had met with in England and France。 I was unprovided with a passport； not having entered any great town。 At Gothenburg I knew I could immediately obtain one； and only the trouble made me object to the searching my trunks。 He blustered for money； but the lieutenant was determined to guard me； according to promise； from imposition。
To avoid being interrogated at the town…gate； and obliged to go in the rain to give an account of myself （merely a form） before we could get the refreshment we stood in need of； he requested us to descendI might have said stepfrom our car； and walk into town。
I expected to have found a tolerable inn； but was ushered into a most comfortless one； and； because it was about five o'clock； three or four hours after their dining hour； I could not prevail on them to give me anything warm to eat。
The appearance of the accommodations obliged me to deliver one of my recommendatory letters； and the gentleman to whom it was addressed sent to look out for a lodging for me whilst I partook of his supper。 As nothing passed at this supper to characterise the country； I shall here close my letter。
Yours truly。
LETTER II。
Gothenburg is a clean airy town； and； having been built by the Dutch； has canals running through each street； and in some of them there are rows of trees that would render it very pleasant were it not for the pavement； which is intolerably bad。
There are several rich commercial housesScotch； French； and Swedish； but the Scotch； I believe； have been the most successful。 The commerce and commission business with France since the war has been very lucrative； and enriched the merchants I am afraid at the expense of the other inhabitants； by raising the price of the necessaries of life。
As all the men of consequenceI mean men of the largest fortune are merchants； their principal enjoyment is a relaxation from business at the table； which is spread at； I think； too early an hour （between one and two） for men who have letters to write and accounts to settle after paying due respect to the bottle。
However； when numerous circles are to be brought together； and when neither literature nor public amusements furnish topics for conversation； a good dinner appears to be the only centre to rally round； especially as scandal； the zest of more select parties； can only be whispered。 As for politics； I have seldom found it a subject of continual discussion in a country town in any part of the world。 The politics of the place； being on a smaller scale； suits better with the size of their faculties； for； generally speaking； the sphere of observation determines the extent of the mind。
The more I see of the world； the more I am convinced that civilisation is a blessing not sufficiently estimated by those who have not traced its progress； for it not only refines our enjoyments； but produces a variety which enables us to retain the primitive delicacy of our sensations。 Without the aid of the imagination all the pleasures of the senses must sink into grossness； unless continual novelty serve as a substitute for the imagination； which； being impossible； it was to this weariness； I suppose； that Solomon alluded when he declared that there was nothing new under the sun！nothing for the common sensations excited by the senses。 Yet who will deny that the imagination and understanding have made many； very many discoveries since those days； which only seem harbingers of others still more noble and beneficial？ I never met with much imagination amongst people who had not acquired a habit of reflection； and in that state of society in which the judgment and taste are not called forth； and formed by the cultivation of the arts and sciences； little of that delicacy of feeling and thinking is to be found characterised by the word sentiment。 The want of scientific pursuits perhaps accounts for the hospitality； as well as for the cordial reception which strangers receive from the inhabitants of small towns。
Hospitality has； I think； been too much praised by travellers as a proof of goodness of heart； when； in my opinion； indiscriminate hospitality is rather a criterion by which you may form a tolerable estimate of the indolence or vacancy of a head； or； in other words； a fondness for social pleasures in which the mind not having its proportion of exercise； the bottle must be pushed about。
These remarks are equally applicable to Dublin； the most hospitable city I ever passed through。 But I will try to confine my observations more particularly to Sweden。
It is true I have only had a glance over a small part of it； yet of its present state of manners and acquirements I think I have formed a distinct idea； without having visited the capitalwhere； in fact； less of a national character is to be found than in the remote parts of the country。
The Swedes pique themselves on their politeness； but far from being the polish of a cultivated mind； it consists merely of tiresome forms and ceremonies。 So far； indeed； from entering immediately into your character； and making you feel instantly at your ease； like the well…bred French； their over…acted civility is a continual restraint on all your actions。 The sort of superiority which a fortune gives when there is no superiority of education； excepting what consists in the observance of senseless forms； has a contrary effect than what is intended； so that I could not help reckoning the peasantry the politest people of Sweden； who； only aiming at pleasing you； never think of being admired for their behaviour。