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und in the history of Germany itself。 He then briefly touched upon the outstanding features in the history of the German Empire from the days of the great Elector of Brandenburg to the present time。 During these last three hundred years； while the English people were steadily fighting for and winning their rights to freedom and self…government from tyrant kings； in Prussia two powers were being steadily built up； namely autocracy and militarism； till under Bismarck and after the War of 1870 these two powers were firmly established in the very fibre of the new modern German Empire。 Since the days of Bismarck the autocrat of Germany had claimed the hegemony of Europe and had dreamed of winning for himself and his Empire a supreme place among the nations of the world。 And this dream he had taught his people to share with him； for to them it meant not simply greater national glory； which had become a mania with them； but expansion of trade and larger commercial returns。 And for the realisation of this dream； the German Kaiser and his people with him were ready and were waiting the opportunity to plunge the world into the bloodiest war of all time。
At some length the speaker proceeded to develop the idea of the necessary connection between autocracy and militarism； and the relation of autocratic and military power to wars of conquest。 〃The German Kaiser；〃 he continued； 〃is ready for war as no would…be world conqueror in the world's history has ever been ready。 The German Kaiser cherishes the purpose to make war； and this purpose is shared in and approved by the whole body of the German people。〃 These facts he challenged any one to controvert。 If these things were so； what should Canada do？ Manifestly one thing onlyshe should prepare to do her duty in defending herself and the great Empire。 〃So far；〃 he continued； 〃I have raised no controversial points。 I have purposely abstained from dealing with questions that may be regarded from a partisan point of view。 I beg now to refer to a subject which unhappily has become a matter of controversy in Canadathe subject； namely； of the construction of a Canadian Navy。 ＇Disturbance in various parts of the building。＇ You have been patient。 I earnestly ask you to be patient for a few moments longer。 Both political parties fortunately are agreed upon two points； first； that Canada must do its share and is willing to do its share in the defence of the Empire。 On this point all Canadians are at one； all Canadians are fully determined to do their full duty to the Empire which has protected Canada during its whole history； and with which it is every loyal Canadian's earnest desire to maintain political connection。 Second； Canada must have a Navy。 Unfortunately； while we agree upon these two points； there are two points upon which we differ。 First； we differ upon the method to be adopted in constructing our Navy and； second； upon the question of Navy control in war。 In regard to the second point； I would only say that I should be content to leave the settlement of that question to the event。 When war comes that question will speedily be settled； and settled； I am convinced； in a way consistent with what we all desire to preserve； Canadian autonomy。 In regard to the first； I would be willing to accept any method of construction that promised efficiency and speed； and with all my power I oppose any method that necessitates delay。 Considerations of such questions as location of dockyards； the type of ship； the size of ship； I contend； are altogether secondary。 The main consideration is speed。 I leave these facts and arguments with you； and speaking not as a party politician but simply as a loyal Canadian and as a loyal son of the Empire； I would say； 'In God's name； for our country's honour and for the sake of our Empire's existence； let us with our whole energy and with all haste prepare for war。'〃
The silence that greeted the conclusion of this address gave eloquent proof of the profound impression produced。
As the chairman rose to close the meeting the audience received a shock。 The raucous voice of Holtzman was heard again demanding the privilege of asking two questions。
〃The first question I would ask； Mr。 Chairman； is this： Is not this immense war preparation of Germany explicable on the theory of the purpose of defence？ Mr。 Allen knows well that both on the eastern and southern frontiers Germany is threatened by the aggression of the Pan…Slavic movement； and to protect herself from this Pan…Slavic movement； together with a possible French alliance； the war preparations of Germany are none too vast。 Besides； I would ask Mr。 Allen； What about Britain's vast navy？〃
〃The answer to this question；〃 said Mr。 Allen； 〃is quite simple。 What nation has threatened Germany for the past forty years？ On the contrary； every one knows that since 1875 five separate times has Germany threatened war against France and twice against Russia。 Furthermore military experts assure us that in defensive war an army equipped with modern weapons can hold off from four to eight times its own strength。 It is absurd to say that Germany's military preparations are purely defensive。 As for Britain's navy； the answer is equally simple。 Britain's Empire is like no other Empire in the world in that it lies spread out upon the seven seas。 It is essential to her very life that she be able to keep these waterways open to her ships。 Otherwise she exists solely upon the sufferance of any nation that can wrest from her the supremacy of the sea。 At her will Germany has the right to close against all the world the highways of her empire； the highways of Britain's empire are the open seas which she shares with the other nations of the world and which she cannot close。 Therefore； these highways she must be able to make safe。〃
〃If Mr。 Allen imagines that this answer of his will satisfy any but the most bigoted Britain； I am content。 Another question I would ask。 Does not Mr。 Allen think that if the capitalistic classes； who leave their burdens to be borne by the unhappy proletariat； were abolished wars would immediately cease？ Does he not know that recently it was proved in Germany that the Krupps were found to be promoting war scares in France in the interests of their own infernal trade？ And lastly does not history prove that Britain is the great robber nation of the world？ And does he not think that it is time she was driven from her high place by a nation which is her superior； commercially； socially； intellectually and every other way？〃
As if by a preconcerted signal it seemed as if the whole top gallery broke into a pandemonium of approving yells； while through other parts of the house arose fierce shouts； 〃Throw him out。〃 Mr。 Allen rose and stood quietly waiting till the tumult had ceased。
〃If the gentleman wishes to engage me in a discussion on socialism； my answer is that this is not the time nor place for such a discussion。 The question which I have been considering is one much too grave to be mixed up with an academic discussion of any socialistic theories。〃
〃Aha！ Aha！〃 laughed Holtzman scornfully。
〃As for Britain's history； that stands for all the world to read。 All the nations have been guilty of crimes； but let me say that any one who knows the history of Germany for the last three hundred years is aware that in unscrupulous aggression upon weaker neighbours； in treachery to friend and foe； Germany is the equal of any nation in the world。 But if you consider her history since 1864 Germany stands in shameless and solitary pre…eminence above any nation that has ever been for unscrupulous greed； for brutal； ruthless oppression of smaller peoples； and for cynical disregard of treaty covenants； as witness Poland； Austria； Denmark； Holland and France。 As to the treachery of the Krupps； I believe the gentleman is quite right； but I would remind him that the Kaiser has no better friend to…day than Bertha Krupp； and she is a German。〃
From every part of the theatre rose one mighty yell of delight and derision； during which Holtzman stood wildly gesticulating and shouting till a hand was seen to reach his collar and he disappeared from view。 Once more order was restored and the chairman on the point of closing the meeting； when Larry said to his friend Smart：
〃I should dearly love to take a hand in this。〃
〃Jump in；〃 said Smart； and Larry 〃jumped in。〃
〃Mr。 Chairman；〃 he said quietly； 〃may I ask Mr。 Allen a question？〃
〃No；〃 said the chairman in curt reply。 〃The hour is late and I think further discussion at present is unprofitable。〃
But here Mr。 Allen interposed。 〃I hope； Mr。 Chairman；〃 he said； 〃you will allow my young friend； Mr。 Gwynne； of whose brilliant achievements in our University we are all so proud； to ask his question。〃
〃Very well；〃 said the chairman in no good will。
〃Allow me to thank Mr。 Allen for his courtesy；〃 said Larry。 〃Further I wish to say that though by birth； by training； and by conviction I am a pacifist and totally opposed to war； yet to…night I have been profoundly impressed by the imposing array of facts presented by the speaker and by the arguments built upon these facts； and especially by the fine patriotic appeal with which Mr。 All