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tiberius gracchus-第5章

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and they perceived that the opposite party were strongest;

the people as yet being not got together in a full body; they

began first of all to gain time by speeches in accusation of

some of their fellow…magistrates; and at length adjourned the

assembly till the day following。



Tiberius then went down into the marketplace amongst the

people; and made his addresses to them humbly and with tears

in his eyes; and told them; he had just reason to suspect;

that his adversaries would attempt in the night time to break

open his house; and murder him。  This worked so strongly with

the multitude; that several of them pitched tents round about

his house; and kept guard all night for the security of his

person。  By break of day came one of the soothsayers; who

prognosticate good or bad success by the pecking of fowls;

and threw them something to eat。  The soothsayer used his

utmost endeavors to fright the fowls out of their coop; but

none of them except one would venture out; which fluttered

with its left wing; and stretched out its leg; and ran back

again into the coop; without eating anything。  This put

Tiberius in mind of another ill omen which had formerly

happened to him。  He had a very costly headpiece; which he

made use of when he engaged in any battle; and into this

piece of armor two serpents crawled; laid eggs; and brought

forth young ones。  The remembrance of which made Tiberius

more concerned now; than otherwise he would have been。

However; he went towards the capitol; as soon as he

understood that the people were assembled there; but before

he got out of the house; he stumbled upon the threshold with

such violence; that he broke the nail of his great toe;

insomuch that blood gushed out of his shoe。  He was not gone

very far before he saw two ravens fighting on the top of a

house which stood on his left hand as he passed along; and

though he was surrounded with a number of people; a stone;

struck from its place by one of the ravens; fell just at his

foot。  This even the boldest men about him felt as a check。

But Blossius of Cuma; who was present; told him; that it

would be a shame; and an ignominious thing; for Tiberius; who

was the son of Gracchus; the grandson of Scipio Africanus;

and the protector of the Roman people; to refuse; for fear of

a silly bird; to answer; when his countrymen called to him;

and that his adversaries would represent it not as a mere

matter for their ridicule; but would declaim about it to the

people as the mark of a tyrannical temper; which felt a pride

in taking liberties with the people。  At the same time

several messengers came also from his friends; to desire his

presence at the capitol; saying that all things went there

according to expectation。  And indeed Tiberius's first

entrance there was in every way successful; as soon as ever

he appeared; the people welcomed him with loud acclamations;

and as he went up to his place; they repeated their

expressions of joy; and gathered in a body around him; so

that no one who was not well known to be his friend; might

approach。  Mucius then began to put the business again to the

vote; but nothing could be performed in the usual course and

order; because of the disturbance caused by those who were on

the outside of the crowd; where there was a struggle going on

with those of the opposite party; who were pushing on and

trying to force their way in and establish themselves among

them。



Whilst things were in this confusion; Flavius Flaccus; a

senator; standing in a place where he could be seen; but at

such a distance from Tiberius that he could not make him

hear; signified to him by motions of his hand; that he wished

to impart something of consequence to him in private。

Tiberius ordered the multitude to make way for him; by which

means; though not without some difficulty; Flavius got to

him; and informed him; that the rich men; in a sitting of the

senate; seeing they could not prevail upon the consul to

espouse their quarrel; had come to a final determination

amongst themselves; that he should be assassinated; and to

that purpose had a great number of their friends and servants

ready armed to accomplish it。  Tiberius no sooner

communicated this confederacy to those about him; but they

immediately tucked up their gowns; broke the halberts which

the officers used to keep the crowd off into pieces; and

distributed them among themselves; resolving to resist the

attack with these。  Those who stood at a distance wondered;

and asked what was the occasion; Tiberius; knowing that they

could not hear him at that distance; lifted his hand to his

head; wishing to intimate the great danger which he

apprehended himself to be in。  His adversaries; taking notice

of that action; ran off at once to the senate house; and

declared; that Tiberius desired the people to bestow a crown

upon him; as if this were the meaning of his touching his

head。  This news created general confusion in the senators;

and Nasica at once called upon the consul to punish this

tyrant; and defend the government。  The consul mildly

replied; that he would not be the first to do any violence;

and as he would not suffer any freeman to be put to death;

before sentence had lawfully passed upon him; so neither

would he allow any measure to be carried into effect; if by

persuasion or compulsion on the part of Tiberius the people

had been induced to pass any unlawful vote。  But Nasica;

rising from his seat; 〃Since the consul;〃 said he; 〃regards

not the safety of the commonwealth; let everyone who will

defend the laws; follow me。〃  He; then; casting the skirt of

his gown over his head; hastened to the capitol; those who

bore him company; wrapped their gowns also about their arms。

and forced their way after him。  And as they were persons of

the greatest authority in the city; the common people did not

venture to obstruct their passing; but were rather so eager

to clear the way for them; that they tumbled over one another

in haste。  The attendants they brought with them; had

furnished themselves with clubs and staves from their houses;

and they themselves picked up the feet and other fragments of

stools and chairs; which were broken by the hasty flight of

the common people。  Thus armed; they made towards Tiberius;

knocking down those whom they found in front of him; and

those were soon wholly dispersed; and many of them slain。

Tiberius tried to save himself by flight。  As he was running;

he was stopped by one who caught hold of him by the gown; but

he threw it off; and fled in his under…garments only。  And

stumbling over those who before had been knocked down; as he

was endeavoring to get up again; Publius Satureius; a

tribune; one of his colleagues; was observed to give him the

first fatal stroke; by hitting him upon the head with the

foot of a stool。  The second blow was claimed; as though it

had been a deed to be proud of; by Lucius Rufus。  And of the

rest there fell above three hundred; killed by clubs and

staves only; none by an iron weapon。



This; we are told; was the first sedition amongst the Romans;

since the abrogation of kingly government; that ended in the

effusion of blood。  All former quarrels which were neither

small nor about trivial matters; were always amicably

composed; by mutual concessions on either side; the senate

yielding for fear of the commons; and the commons out of

respect to the senate。  And it is probable indeed that

Tiberius himself might then have been easily induced; by mere

persuasion; to give way; and certainly; if attacked at all;

must have yielded without any recourse to violence and

bloodshed; as he had not at that time above three thousand

men to support him。  But it is evident; that this conspiracy

was fomented against him; more out of the hatred and malice

which the rich men had to his person; than for the reasons

which they commonly pretended against him。  In testimony of

which; we may adduce the cruelty and unnatural insults which

they used to his dead body。  For they would not suffer his

own brother; though he earnestly begged the favor; to bury

him in the night; but threw him; together with the other

corpses; into the river。  Neither did their animosity stop

here; for they banished some of his friends without legal

process; and slew as many of the others us they could lay

their hands on; amongst whom Diophanes; the orator; was

slain; and one Caius Villius cruelly murdered by being shut

up in a large tun with vipers and serpents。  Blossius of

Cuma; indeed; was carried before the consuls; and examined

touching what had happened; and freely confessed; that he

had done; without scruple; whatever Tiberius bade him。

〃What;〃 replied Nasica; 〃then if Tiberius had bidden you burn

the capitol; would you have burnt it?〃  His first answer was;

that Tiberius never would have ordered any such thing; but

being pressed with the same question 
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