ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡ÔĶÁ¹ý³Ì·¢ÏÖÈκδíÎóÇë¸æËßÎÒÃÇ£¬Ð»Ð»£¡£¡ ±¨¸æ´íÎó
¾ÅÉ«Êé¼® ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ½øÈëÊé°É ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©

alexandria and her schools(ÑÇÀúɽ´óºÍËýµÄѧУ)-µÚ28ÕÂ

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




palpable£»¡¡historic£»¡¡present¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡To¡¡them¡¡the¡¡degraded¡¡Koreish¡¡of¡¡the¡¡desert£»¡¡

who¡¡as¡¡they¡¡believed£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡think¡¡believed¡¡rightly£»¡¡had¡¡fallen¡¡from¡¡the¡¡old¡¡

Monotheism¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡forefathers¡¡¡¡¡¡Abraham¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Ismael£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡lowest¡¡

fetishism£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡lowest¡¡¡¡¡¡brutality¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡wretchednessto¡¡

them£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡while¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡making¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡idols¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡wood¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡stone£»¡¡¡¡¡¡eating¡¡¡¡¡¡dead¡¡

carcases£»¡¡and¡¡burying¡¡their¡¡daughters¡¡alive£»¡¡careless¡¡of¡¡chastity£»¡¡of¡¡justice£»¡¡

of¡¡property£»¡¡sunk¡¡in¡¡unnatural¡¡crimes£»¡¡dead¡¡in¡¡trespasses¡¡and¡¡sins£»¡¡hateful¡¡

and¡¡hating¡¡one¡¡anothera¡¡man£»¡¡one¡¡of¡¡their¡¡own¡¡people¡¡had¡¡come£»¡¡saying£º¡¡

¡¨I¡¡have¡¡a¡¡message¡¡from¡¡the¡¡one¡¡righteous¡¡God¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡curse¡¡is¡¡on¡¡all¡¡this£»¡¡

for¡¡it¡¡is¡¡unlike¡¡Himself¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡will¡¡have¡¡you¡¡righteous¡¡men£»¡¡after¡¡the¡¡pattern¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡85¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡86¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ALEXANDRIA¡¡AND¡¡HER¡¡SCHOOLS¡¡



of¡¡your¡¡forefather¡¡Abraham¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Be¡¡that£»¡¡and¡¡arise£»¡¡body£»¡¡soul£»¡¡and¡¡spirit£»¡¡out¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡¡¡¡¡savagery¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡brutishness¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Then¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡able¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡trample¡¡

under¡¡¡¡¡¡font¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡profligate¡¡¡¡¡¡idolaters£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡sweep¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Greek¡¡¡¡¡¡tyrants¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

land¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡oppressing¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡centuries£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡recover¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

East¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡rightful¡¡¡¡¡¡heirs£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡children¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Abraham¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡Was¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡not£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

every¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sense£»¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡message¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡God£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡deny¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡philosophy¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Clement¡¡and¡¡Augustine£»¡¡I¡¡must¡¡deny¡¡my¡¡own¡¡conscience£»¡¡my¡¡own¡¡reason£»¡¡

I¡¡must¡¡outrage¡¡my¡¡own¡¡moral¡¡sense£»¡¡and¡¡confess¡¡that¡¡I¡¡have¡¡no¡¡immutable¡¡

standard¡¡of¡¡right£»¡¡that¡¡I¡¡know¡¡no¡¡eternal¡¡source¡¡of¡¡right£»¡¡if¡¡I¡¡deny¡¡it¡¡to¡¡have¡¡

been¡¡one£»¡¡if¡¡I¡¡deny¡¡what¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡me¡¡the¡¡palpable¡¡historic¡¡fact£»¡¡that¡¡those¡¡

wild¡¡Koreish¡¡had¡¡in¡¡them¡¡a¡¡reason¡¡and¡¡a¡¡conscience£»¡¡which¡¡could¡¡awaken¡¡

to¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡message£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡perceive¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡boundless¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡beauty£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡boundless¡¡

importance£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡accept¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡message£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡lived¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

proportion¡¡as¡¡they¡¡received¡¡it¡¡fully£»¡¡such¡¡lives¡¡as¡¡no¡¡men¡¡in¡¡those¡¡times£»¡¡

and¡¡few¡¡in¡¡after¡¡times£»¡¡have¡¡been¡¡able¡¡to¡¡live¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡If¡¡I¡¡feel£»¡¡as¡¡I¡¡do¡¡feel£»¡¡that¡¡

Abubekr£»¡¡Omar£»¡¡Abu¡¡Obeidah£»¡¡and¡¡Amrou£»¡¡were¡¡better¡¡men¡¡than¡¡I¡¡am£»¡¡I¡¡

must¡¡throw¡¡away¡¡all¡¡that¡¡Philoall¡¡that¡¡a¡¡Higher¡¡authorityhas¡¡taught¡¡me£º¡¡

or¡¡I¡¡must¡¡attribute¡¡their¡¡lofty¡¡virtues¡¡to¡¡the¡¡one¡¡source¡¡of¡¡all¡¡in¡¡man¡¡which¡¡

is¡¡not¡¡selfishness£»¡¡and¡¡fancy£»¡¡and¡¡fury£»¡¡and¡¡blindness¡¡as¡¡of¡¡the¡¡beasts¡¡which¡¡

perish¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Why£»¡¡then£»¡¡has¡¡Islamism¡¡become¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡most¡¡patent¡¡and¡¡complete¡¡

failures¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡earth£»¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡true¡¡¡¡¡¡test¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡system's¡¡¡¡¡¡success¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡gradual¡¡

progress¡¡and¡¡amelioration¡¡of¡¡the¡¡human¡¡beings¡¡who¡¡are¡¡under¡¡its¡¡influence£¿¡¡

First£»¡¡I¡¡believe£»¡¡from¡¡its¡¡allowing¡¡polygamy¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡judge¡¡Mohammed¡¡

for¡¡having¡¡allowed¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡found¡¡it¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡ancestral¡¡and¡¡immemorial¡¡

customs¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡nation¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡found¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡throughout¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Hebrew¡¡¡¡¡¡Scriptures¡£¡¡

He¡¡found¡¡it¡¡in¡¡the¡¡case¡¡of¡¡Abraham£»¡¡his¡¡ideal¡¡man£»¡¡and£»¡¡as¡¡he¡¡believed£»¡¡the¡¡

divinely¡­inspired¡¡¡¡¡¡ancestor¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡race¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡seemed¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

right¡¡for¡¡Abraham£»¡¡could¡¡not¡¡be¡¡wrong¡¡for¡¡an¡¡Arab¡£¡¡God¡¡shall¡¡judge¡¡him£»¡¡

not¡¡I¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Moreover£»¡¡the¡¡Christians¡¡of¡¡the¡¡East£»¡¡divided¡¡into¡¡either¡¡monks¡¡or¡¡

profligates£»¡¡and¡¡with¡¡far¡¡lower¡¡and¡¡more¡¡brutal¡¡notions¡¡of¡¡the¡¡married¡¡state¡¡

than¡¡were¡¡to¡¡be¡¡found¡¡in¡¡Arab¡¡poetry¡¡and¡¡legend£»¡¡were¡¡the¡¡very¡¡last¡¡men¡¡

on¡¡¡¡¡¡earth¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡make¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡feel¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡eternal¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡divine¡¡¡¡¡¡beauty¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡pure¡¡

wedded¡¡love¡¡which¡¡Christianity¡¡has¡¡not¡¡only¡¡proclaimed£»¡¡but¡¡commanded£»¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡86¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡87¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ALEXANDRIA¡¡AND¡¡HER¡¡SCHOOLS¡¡



and¡¡thereby¡¡emancipated¡¡woman¡¡from¡¡her¡¡old¡¡slavery¡¡to¡¡the¡¡stronger¡¡sex¡£¡¡

And¡¡I¡¡believe£»¡¡from¡¡his¡¡chivalrous¡¡faithfulness¡¡to¡¡his¡¡good¡¡wife¡¡Kadijah£»¡¡

as¡¡long¡¡as¡¡she¡¡lived£»¡¡that¡¡Mohammed¡¡was¡¡a¡¡man¡¡who¡¡could¡¡have¡¡accepted¡¡

that¡¡great¡¡truth¡¡in¡¡all¡¡its¡¡fulness£»¡¡had¡¡he¡¡but¡¡been¡¡taught¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡certainly¡¡

felt¡¡the¡¡evil¡¡of¡¡polyamy¡¡so¡¡strongly¡¡as¡¡to¡¡restrict¡¡it¡¡in¡¡every¡¡possible¡¡way£»¡¡

except¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡right¡¡¡¡¡¡waynamely£»¡¡¡¡the¡¡proclamation¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡true¡¡ideal¡¡of¡¡

marriage¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡ignorance£»¡¡¡¡¡¡mistake£»¡¡¡¡¡¡sin£»¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡will£»¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡deflection¡¡

from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡right¡¡¡¡¡¡law£»¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡true¡¡¡¡¡¡constitution¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡man£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡therefore¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡

avenged¡¡itself¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡That¡¡chivalrous¡¡respect¡¡for¡¡woman£»¡¡which¡¡was¡¡so¡¡strong¡¡

in¡¡the¡¡early¡¡Mohammedans£»¡¡died¡¡out¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡women¡¡themselveswho£»¡¡in¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡¡¡few¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Islamism£»¡¡¡¡¡¡rose¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡rose£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡became¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡

helpmates£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡counsellors£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡fellow¡­warriorsdegenerated¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡rapidly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡

mere¡¡¡¡¡¡playthings¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡need¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡enter¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡painful¡¡¡¡¡¡subject¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡woman's¡¡

present¡¡position¡¡in¡¡the¡¡East£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡social¡¡consequences¡¡thereof¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡I¡¡

firmly¡¡believe£»¡¡not¡¡merely¡¡as¡¡a¡¡theory£»¡¡but¡¡as¡¡a¡¡fact¡¡which¡¡may¡¡be¡¡proved¡¡

by¡¡abundant¡¡evidence£»¡¡that¡¡to¡¡polygamy¡¡alone¡¡is¡¡owing¡¡nine¡­tenths¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

present¡¡decay¡¡and¡¡old¡¡age¡¡of¡¡every¡¡Mussulman¡¡nation£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡till¡¡it¡¡be¡¡

utterly¡¡abolished£»¡¡all¡¡Western¡¡civilisation¡¡and¡¡capital£»¡¡and¡¡all¡¡the¡¡civil¡¡and¡¡

religious¡¡liberty¡¡on¡¡earth£»¡¡will¡¡not¡¡avail¡¡one¡¡jot¡¡toward¡¡their¡¡revival¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡You¡¡

must¡¡regenerate¡¡the¡¡family¡¡before¡¡you¡¡can¡¡regenerate¡¡the¡¡nation£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡

relation¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡husband¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡wife¡¡¡¡¡¡before¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡family£»¡¡¡¡¡¡because£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡long¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

root¡¡is¡¡corrupt£»¡¡the¡¡fruit¡¡will¡¡be¡¡corrupt¡¡also¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡there¡¡is¡¡another¡¡cause¡¡of¡¡the¡¡failure¡¡of¡¡Islamism£»¡¡more¡¡intimately¡¡

connected¡¡with¡¡those¡¡metaphysical¡¡questions¡¡which¡¡we¡¡have¡¡been¡¡hitherto¡¡

principally¡¡considering¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Among¡¡the¡¡first¡¡Mussulmans£»¡¡as¡¡I¡¡have¡¡said£»¡¡there¡¡was¡¡generally¡¡the¡¡

most¡¡¡¡¡¡intense¡¡¡¡¡¡belief¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡personally¡¡¡¡¡¡under¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡divine¡¡

guide¡¡and¡¡teacher¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡their¡¡creed¡¡contained¡¡nothing¡¡which¡¡could¡¡keep¡¡

up¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡belief¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡minds¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡succeeding¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡generations¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡

destroyed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡good¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡evil£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡paid¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡penalty¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡their¡¡

undistinguishing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡wrath¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sweeping¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡away¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡idolatries¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡fetish¡¡

worships¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Syrian¡¡¡¡¡¡Catholics£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Mussulmans¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡swept¡¡¡¡¡¡away¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡

that¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡doctrine¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡alone¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡deliver¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡idolatry¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡fetish¡¡

worshipsif¡¡not¡¡outward¡¡and¡¡material¡¡ones£»¡¡yet¡¡the¡¡still¡¡more¡¡subtle£»¡¡and¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡87¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡88¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ALEXANDRIA¡¡AND¡¡HER¡¡SCHOOLS¡¡



therefore¡¡more¡¡dangerous¡¡idolatries¡¡of¡¡the¡¡intellect¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡they¡¡had¡¡swept¡¡

away¡¡the¡¡belief¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Logos£»¡¡in¡¡a¡¡divine¡¡teacher¡¡of¡¡every¡¡human¡¡soul£»¡¡who¡¡

was£»¡¡in¡¡some¡¡mysterious¡¡way£»¡¡the¡¡pattern¡¡and¡¡antitype¡¡of¡¡human¡¡virtue¡¡and¡¡

wisdom¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡more£»¡¡they¡¡had¡¡swept¡¡away¡¡that¡¡belief¡¡in¡¡the¡¡incarnation¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡Logos£»¡¡which¡¡alone¡¡can¡¡make¡¡man¡¡feel¡¡that¡¡his¡¡divine¡¡teacher¡¡is¡¡one¡¡

who¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡enter¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡human¡¡¡¡¡¡duties£»¡¡¡¡¡¡sorrows£»¡¡¡¡¡¡doubts£»¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡human¡¡

spirit¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡And£»¡¡¡¡therefore£»¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡Mohammed¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡personal¡¡¡¡¡¡friends¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡

dead£»¡¡the¡¡belief¡¡in¡¡a¡¡present¡¡divine¡¡teacher£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡whole£»¡¡died¡¡with¡¡them£»¡¡

and¡¡the¡¡Mussulmans¡¡began¡¡to¡¡put¡¡the¡¡Koran¡¡in¡¡the¡¡place¡¡of¡¡Him¡¡of¡¡whom¡¡

the¡¡Koran¡¡spoke¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡began¡¡to¡¡worship¡¡the¡¡bookwhich¡¡after¡¡all¡¡is¡¡not¡¡

a¡¡book£»¡¡but¡¡only¡¡an¡¡irregular¡¡collection¡¡of¡¡Mohammed's¡¡meditations£»¡¡and¡¡

notes¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡sermonswith¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡slavish¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡ridiculous¡¡¡¡¡¡idolatry¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡

fell¡¡into¡¡a¡¡cabbalism£»¡¡and¡¡a¡¡superstitious¡¡reverence¡¡for¡¡the¡¡mere¡¡letters¡¡and¡¡

words¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Koran£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡cabbalism¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡Rabbis¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

moderate¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡rational¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡surrounded¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡history¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Mohammed£»¡¡with¡¡all¡¡ridiculous¡¡myths£»¡¡and¡¡prodigies£»¡¡and¡¡lying¡¡wonders£»¡¡

whereof¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡book¡¡¡¡¡¡itself¡¡¡¡¡¡contained¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡word£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡Mohammed£»¡¡

during¡¡his¡¡existence£»¡¡had¡¡denied¡¡and¡¡repudiated£»¡¡saying¡¡that¡¡he¡¡worked¡¡no¡¡

miracles£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡none¡¡were¡¡needed£»¡¡because¡¡only¡¡reason¡¡was¡¡required¡¡to¡¡

show¡¡a¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡hand¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡good¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡in¡¡all¡¡human¡¡affairs¡£¡¡¡¡Nevertheless£»¡¡

these¡¡later¡¡Mussulmans¡¡found¡¡the¡¡miracles¡¡necessary¡¡to¡¡confirm¡¡their¡¡faith£º¡¡

and¡¡why£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Because¡¡they¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡lost¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡sense¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡present¡¡¡¡¡¡God£»¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡of¡¡

order£»¡¡and¡¡therefore¡¡hankered£»¡¡as¡¡men¡¡in¡¡such¡¡a¡¡mood¡¡always¡¡will£»¡¡after¡¡

prodigious¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡unnatural¡¡¡¡¡¡proofs¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡¡¡¡¡having¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡once¡¡¡¡¡¡present¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡

their¡¡founder¡¡Mohammed¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡meanwhile¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡absolute¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡omnipotent¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Being¡¡¡¡¡¡whom¡¡

Mohammed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡arising¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡darkness£»¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡nobly¡¡¡¡preached¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Koreish£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡receded¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡minds¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡descendant
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©
δÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡