ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡ÔĶÁ¹ý³Ì·¢ÏÖÈκδíÎóÇë¸æËßÎÒÃÇ£¬Ð»Ð»£¡£¡ ±¨¸æ´íÎó
¾ÅÉ«Êé¼® ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ½øÈëÊé°É ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©

the ways of men-µÚ25ÕÂ

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡



when¡¡everything¡¡was¡¡arranged¡¡to¡¡her¡¡satisfaction£»¡¡she¡¡¡¡turned¡¡to¡¡me¡¡her¡¡poor£»¡¡plain¡¡face£»¡¡lighted¡¡up¡¡with¡¡an¡¡¡¡expression¡¡of¡¡delight£»¡¡and¡¡exclaimed£»¡¡¡¨Oh£»¡¡sir£»¡¡I¡¡do¡¡love¡¡to¡¡¡¡work¡¡in¡¡these¡¡rooms£¡¡¡¡¡I'm¡¡never¡¡so¡¡happy¡¡as¡¡when¡¡I'm¡¡arranging¡¡¡¡them¡¡elegant¡¡things£¡¡¨¡¡¡¡And£»¡¡although¡¡my¡¡pleasure¡¡in¡¡her¡¡¡¡pleasure¡¡was¡¡modified¡¡by¡¡the¡¡discovery¡¡that¡¡she¡¡had¡¡taken¡¡an¡¡¡¡eighteenth¡­century¡¡comb¡¡to¡¡disentangle¡¡the¡¡fringes¡¡of¡¡a¡¡rug£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡broken¡¡several¡¡of¡¡its¡¡teeth¡¡in¡¡her¡¡ardor£»¡¡that¡¡she¡¡¡¡invariably¡¡placed¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡Whister¡¡etching¡¡upside¡¡down£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡then¡¡stood¡¡in¡¡rapt¡¡admiration¡¡before¡¡it£»¡¡still£»¡¡in¡¡watching¡¡¡¡her¡¡enthusiasm£»¡¡I¡¡felt¡¡a¡¡thrill¡¡of¡¡satisfaction¡¡at¡¡seeing¡¡how¡¡¡¡her¡¡untaught¡¡taste¡¡responded¡¡to¡¡a¡¡contact¡¡with¡¡good¡¡things¡£

Here¡¡in¡¡America£»¡¡and¡¡especially¡¡in¡¡our¡¡city£»¡¡which¡¡we¡¡have¡¡¡¡been¡¡at¡¡such¡¡pains¡¡to¡¡make¡¡as¡¡hideous¡¡as¡¡possible£»¡¡the¡¡¡¡schoolrooms£»¡¡where¡¡hundreds¡¡of¡¡thousands¡¡of¡¡children¡¡pass¡¡many¡¡¡¡hours¡¡daily£»¡¡are¡¡one¡¡degree¡¡more¡¡graceless¡¡than¡¡the¡¡town¡¡¡¡itself£»¡¡the¡¡most¡¡artistically¡¡inclined¡¡child¡¡can¡¡hardly¡¡¡¡receive¡¡any¡¡but¡¡unfortunate¡¡impressions¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡other¡¡day¡¡a¡¡¡¡friend¡¡took¡¡me¡¡severely¡¡to¡¡task¡¡for¡¡rating¡¡our¡¡American¡¡women¡¡¡¡on¡¡their¡¡love¡¡of¡¡the¡¡big¡¡shops£»¡¡and¡¡gave¡¡me£»¡¡I¡¡confess£»¡¡an¡¡¡¡entirely¡¡new¡¡idea¡¡on¡¡the¡¡subject¡£¡¡¡¡¡¨Can't¡¡you¡¡see£»¡¨¡¡she¡¡said£»¡¡¡¡¡¨that¡¡the¡¡shops¡¡here¡¡are¡¡what¡¡the¡¡museums¡¡abroad¡¡are¡¡to¡¡the¡¡¡¡poor£¿¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡in¡¡them¡¡only¡¡that¡¡certain¡¡people¡¡may¡¡catch¡¡¡¡glimpses¡¡of¡¡the¡¡dainty¡¡and¡¡exquisite¡¡manufactures¡¡of¡¡other¡¡¡¡countries¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡little¡¡education¡¡their¡¡eyes¡¡receive¡¡is¡¡¡¡obtained¡¡during¡¡visits¡¡to¡¡these¡¡emporiums¡£¡¨

If¡¡this¡¡proves¡¡so£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡seems¡¡probable£»¡¡it¡¡only¡¡proves¡¡how¡¡¡¡the¡¡humble¡¡long¡¡for¡¡something¡¡more¡¡graceful¡¡than¡¡their¡¡meagre¡¡¡¡homes¡¡afford¡£

In¡¡the¡¡hope¡¡of¡¡training¡¡the¡¡younger¡¡generations¡¡to¡¡better¡¡¡¡standards¡¡and¡¡less¡¡vulgar¡¡ideals£»¡¡a¡¡group¡¡of¡¡ladies¡¡are¡¡making¡¡¡¡an¡¡attempt¡¡to¡¡surround¡¡our¡¡schoolchildren¡¡during¡¡their¡¡¡¡impressionable¡¡youth¡¡with¡¡reproductions¡¡of¡¡historic¡¡¡¡masterpieces£»¡¡and¡¡have¡¡already¡¡decorated¡¡many¡¡schoolrooms¡¡in¡¡¡¡this¡¡way¡£¡¡¡¡For¡¡a¡¡modest¡¡sum¡¡it¡¡is¡¡possible¡¡to¡¡tint¡¡the¡¡bare¡¡¡¡walls¡¡an¡¡attractive¡¡color¡¡¡­¡¡a¡¡delight¡¡in¡¡itself¡¡¡­¡¡and¡¡adorn¡¡¡¡them¡¡with¡¡plaster¡¡casts¡¡of¡¡statues¡¡and¡¡solar¡¡prints¡¡of¡¡¡¡pictures¡¡and¡¡buildings¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡transformation¡¡that¡¡fifty¡¡or¡¡¡¡sixty¡¡dollars¡¡judiciously¡¡expended¡¡in¡¡this¡¡way¡¡produces¡¡in¡¡a¡¡¡¡school¡­room¡¡is¡¡beyond¡¡belief£»¡¡and£»¡¡as¡¡the¡¡advertisements¡¡say£»¡¡¡¡¡¨must¡¡be¡¡seen¡¡to¡¡be¡¡appreciated£»¡¨¡¡giving¡¡an¡¡air¡¡of¡¡¡¡cheerfulness¡¡and¡¡refinement¡¡to¡¡the¡¡dreariest¡¡apartment¡£

It¡¡is¡¡hard¡¡to¡¡make¡¡people¡¡understand¡¡the¡¡enthusiasm¡¡these¡¡¡¡decorations¡¡have¡¡excited¡¡in¡¡both¡¡teachers¡¡and¡¡pupils¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡directress¡¡of¡¡one¡¡of¡¡our¡¡large¡¡schools¡¡was¡¡telling¡¡me¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¡help¡¡and¡¡pleasure¡¡the¡¡prints¡¡and¡¡casts¡¡had¡¡been¡¡to¡¡her£»¡¡she¡¡¡¡had¡¡given¡¡them¡¡as¡¡subjects¡¡for¡¡the¡¡class¡¡compositions£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡used¡¡them¡¡in¡¡a¡¡hundred¡¡different¡¡ways¡¡as¡¡object¡­lessons¡£¡¡¡¡As¡¡¡¡the¡¡children¡¡are¡¡graduated¡¡from¡¡room¡¡to¡¡room£»¡¡a¡¡great¡¡variety¡¡¡¡of¡¡high¡­class¡¡subjects¡¡can¡¡be¡¡brought¡¡to¡¡their¡¡notice¡¡by¡¡¡¡varying¡¡the¡¡decorations¡£

It¡¡is¡¡by¡¡the¡¡eye¡¡principally¡¡that¡¡taste¡¡is¡¡educated¡£¡¡¡¡¡¨We¡¡¡¡speak¡¡with¡¡admiration¡¡of¡¡the¡¡eighth¡¡sense¡¡common¡¡among¡¡¡¡Parisians£»¡¡and¡¡envy¡¡them¡¡their¡¡magic¡¡power¡¡of¡¡combining¡¡simple¡¡¡¡materials¡¡into¡¡an¡¡artistic¡¡whole¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡reason¡¡is¡¡that¡¡for¡¡¡¡generations¡¡the¡¡eyes¡¡of¡¡those¡¡people¡¡have¡¡been¡¡unconsciously¡¡¡¡educated¡¡by¡¡the¡¡harmonious¡¡lines¡¡of¡¡well¡­proportioned¡¡¡¡buildings£»¡¡finely¡¡finished¡¡detail¡¡of¡¡stately¡¡colonnade£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡shady¡¡perspective¡¡of¡¡quay¡¡and¡¡boulevard¡£¡¡¡¡After¡¡years¡¡of¡¡this¡¡¡¡subtle¡¡training¡¡the¡¡eye¡¡instinctively¡¡revolts¡¡from¡¡the¡¡vulgar¡¡¡¡and¡¡the¡¡crude¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡is¡¡little¡¡in¡¡the¡¡poorer¡¡quarters¡¡of¡¡our¡¡¡¡city¡¡to¡¡rejoice¡¡or¡¡refine¡¡the¡¡senses£»¡¡squalor¡¡and¡¡all¡­¡¡pervading¡¡ugliness¡¡are¡¡not¡¡least¡¡among¡¡the¡¡curses¡¡that¡¡poverty¡¡¡¡entails¡£

If¡¡you¡¡have¡¡a¡¡subject¡¡of¡¡interest¡¡in¡¡your¡¡mind£»¡¡it¡¡often¡¡¡¡happens¡¡that¡¡every¡¡book¡¡you¡¡open£»¡¡every¡¡person¡¡you¡¡speak¡¡with£»¡¡¡¡refers¡¡to¡¡that¡¡topic¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡never¡¡remember¡¡having¡¡seen¡¡an¡¡¡¡explanation¡¡offered¡¡of¡¡this¡¡phenomenon¡£

The¡¡other¡¡morning£»¡¡while¡¡this¡¡article¡¡was¡¡lying¡¡half¡¡finished¡¡¡¡on¡¡my¡¡desk£»¡¡I¡¡opened¡¡the¡¡last¡¡number¡¡of¡¡a¡¡Paris¡¡paper¡¡and¡¡¡¡began¡¡reading¡¡an¡¡account¡¡of¡¡the¡¡drama£»¡¡LES¡¡MAUVAIS¡¡BERGERS¡¡¡¡£¨treating¡¡of¡¡that¡¡perilous¡¡subject£»¡¡the¡¡¡¨strikes¡¨£©£»¡¡which¡¡¡¡Sarah¡¡Bernhardt¡¡had¡¡just¡¡had¡¡the¡¡courage¡¡to¡¡produce¡¡before¡¡the¡¡¡¡Paris¡¡public¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡the¡¡third¡¡act£»¡¡when¡¡the¡¡owner¡¡of¡¡the¡¡factory¡¡¡¡receives¡¡the¡¡disaffected¡¡hands£»¡¡and¡¡listens¡¡to¡¡their¡¡¡¡complaints£»¡¡the¡¡leader¡¡of¡¡the¡¡strike¡¡£¨an¡¡intelligent¡¡young¡¡¡¡workman£©£»¡¡besides¡¡shorter¡¡hours¡¡and¡¡increased¡¡pay£»¡¡demands¡¡¡¡that¡¡recreation¡¡rooms¡¡be¡¡built¡¡where¡¡the¡¡toilers£»¡¡their¡¡wives£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡their¡¡children¡¡may¡¡pass¡¡unoccupied¡¡hours¡¡in¡¡the¡¡enjoyment¡¡¡¡of¡¡attractive¡¡surroundings£»¡¡and¡¡cries¡¡in¡¡conclusion£º¡¡¡¨We£»¡¡the¡¡¡¡poor£»¡¡need¡¡some¡¡poetry¡¡and¡¡some¡¡art¡¡in¡¡our¡¡lives£»¡¡man¡¡does¡¡not¡¡¡¡live¡¡by¡¡bread¡¡alone¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡has¡¡a¡¡right£»¡¡like¡¡the¡¡rich£»¡¡to¡¡things¡¡¡¡of¡¡beauty£¡¡¨

In¡¡commending¡¡the¡¡use¡¡of¡¡decoration¡¡as¡¡a¡¡means¡¡of¡¡bringing¡¡¡¡pleasure¡¡into¡¡dull£»¡¡cramped¡¡lives£»¡¡one¡¡is¡¡too¡¡often¡¡met¡¡by¡¡the¡¡¡¡curious¡¡argument¡¡that¡¡taste¡¡is¡¡innate¡£¡¡¡¡¡¨Either¡¡people¡¡have¡¡it¡¡¡¡or¡¡they¡¡haven't£»¡¨¡¡like¡¡a¡¡long¡¡nose¡¡or¡¡a¡¡short¡¡one£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡is¡¡¡¡useless¡¡to¡¡waste¡¡good¡¡money¡¡in¡¡trying¡¡to¡¡improve¡¡either¡£¡¡¡¡¡¨It¡¡¡¡would¡¡be¡¡much¡¡more¡¡to¡¡the¡¡point¡¡to¡¡spend¡¡your¡¡money¡¡in¡¡giving¡¡¡¡the¡¡poor¡¡children¡¡a¡¡good¡¡roast¡­beef¡¡dinner¡¡at¡¡Christmas¡¡than¡¡¡¡in¡¡placing¡¡the¡¡bust¡¡of¡¡Clytie¡¡before¡¡them¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡That¡¡argument¡¡has¡¡¡¡crushed¡¡more¡¡attempts¡¡to¡¡elevate¡¡the¡¡poor¡¡than¡¡any¡¡other¡¡ever¡¡¡¡advanced¡£¡¡¡¡If¡¡it¡¡were¡¡listened¡¡to£»¡¡there¡¡would¡¡never¡¡be¡¡any¡¡¡¡progress¡¡made£»¡¡because¡¡there¡¡are¡¡always¡¡thousands¡¡of¡¡people¡¡¡¡who¡¡are¡¡hungry¡£

When¡¡we¡¡reflect¡¡how¡¡painfully¡¡ill¡­arranged¡¡rooms¡¡or¡¡ugly¡¡¡¡colors¡¡affect¡¡our¡¡senses£»¡¡and¡¡remember¡¡that¡¡less¡¡fortunate¡¡¡¡neighbors¡¡suffer¡¡as¡¡much¡¡as¡¡we¡¡do¡¡from¡¡hideous¡¡environments£»¡¡¡¡it¡¡seems¡¡like¡¡keeping¡¡sunlight¡¡from¡¡a¡¡plant£»¡¡or¡¡fresh¡¡air¡¡out¡¡¡¡of¡¡a¡¡sick¡­room£»¡¡to¡¡refuse¡¡glimpses¡¡of¡¡the¡¡beautiful¡¡to¡¡the¡¡¡¡poor¡¡when¡¡it¡¡is¡¡in¡¡our¡¡power¡¡to¡¡give¡¡them¡¡this¡¡satisfaction¡¡¡¡with¡¡a¡¡slight¡¡effort¡£¡¡¡¡Nothing¡¡can¡¡be¡¡more¡¡encouraging¡¡to¡¡¡¡those¡¡who¡¡occasionally¡¡despair¡¡of¡¡human¡¡nature¡¡than¡¡the¡¡good¡¡¡¡results¡¡already¡¡obtained¡¡by¡¡this¡¡small¡¡attempt¡¡in¡¡the¡¡schools¡£

We¡¡fall¡¡into¡¡the¡¡error¡¡of¡¡imagining¡¡that¡¡because¡¡the¡¡Apollo¡¡¡¡Belvedere¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Square¡¡of¡¡St¡£¡¡Mark's¡¡have¡¡become¡¡stale¡¡to¡¡us¡¡¡¡by¡¡reproduction¡¡they¡¡are¡¡necessarily¡¡so¡¡to¡¡others¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡great¡¡¡¡and¡¡the¡¡wealthy¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world¡¡form¡¡no¡¡idea¡¡of¡¡the¡¡longing¡¡the¡¡¡¡poor¡¡feel¡¡for¡¡a¡¡little¡¡variety¡¡in¡¡their¡¡lives¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡do¡¡not¡¡¡¡know¡¡what¡¡they¡¡want¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡have¡¡no¡¡standards¡¡to¡¡guide¡¡them£»¡¡¡¡but¡¡the¡¡desire¡¡is¡¡there¡£¡¡¡¡Let¡¡us¡¡offer¡¡ourselves¡¡the¡¡¡¡satisfaction£»¡¡as¡¡we¡¡start¡¡off¡¡for¡¡pleasure¡¡trips¡¡abroad¡¡or¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡mountains£»¡¡of¡¡knowing¡¡that¡¡at¡¡home¡¡the¡¡routine¡¡of¡¡study¡¡is¡¡¡¡lightened¡¡for¡¡thousands¡¡of¡¡children¡¡by¡¡the¡¡counterfeit¡¡¡¡presentment¡¡of¡¡the¡¡scenes¡¡we¡¡are¡¡enjoying£»¡¡that£»¡¡as¡¡we¡¡float¡¡¡¡up¡¡the¡¡Golden¡¡Horn¡¡or¡¡sit¡¡in¡¡the¡¡moonlight¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Parthenon£»¡¡¡¡far¡¡away¡¡at¡¡home¡¡some¡¡child¡¡is¡¡dreaming¡¡of¡¡those¡¡fair¡¡scenes¡¡¡¡as¡¡she¡¡raises¡¡her¡¡eyes¡¡from¡¡her¡¡task£»¡¡and¡¡is¡¡unconsciously¡¡¡¡imbibing¡¡a¡¡love¡¡of¡¡the¡¡beautiful£»¡¡which¡¡will¡¡add¡¡a¡¡charm¡¡to¡¡¡¡her¡¡humble¡¡life£»¡¡and¡¡make¡¡the¡¡present¡¡labors¡¡lighter¡£¡¡¡¡If¡¡the¡¡¡¡child¡¡never¡¡lives¡¡to¡¡see¡¡the¡¡originals£»¡¡she¡¡will¡¡be¡¡happier¡¡¡¡for¡¡knowing¡¡that¡¡somewhere¡¡in¡¡the¡¡world¡¡domed¡¡mosques¡¡mirror¡¡¡¡themselves¡¡in¡¡still¡¡waters£»¡¡and¡¡marble¡¡gods£»¡¡the¡¡handiwork¡¡of¡¡¡¡long¡­dead¡¡nations£»¡¡stand¡¡in¡¡the¡¡golden¡¡sunlight¡¡and¡¡silently¡¡¡¡preach¡¡the¡¡gospel¡¡of¡¡the¡¡beautiful¡£




Chapter¡¡21¡¡¡­¡¡Seven¡¡Small¡¡Duchesses


SINCE¡¡those¡¡¡¨precious¡¨¡¡days¡¡when¡¡the¡¡habitues¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Hotel¡¡¡¡Rambouillet¡¡first¡¡raised¡¡social¡¡intercourse¡¡to¡¡the¡¡level¡¡of¡¡a¡¡¡¡fine¡¡art£»¡¡the¡¡morals¡¡and¡¡manners£»¡¡the¡¡amusements¡¡and¡¡intrigues¡¡¡¡of¡¡great¡¡French¡¡ladies¡¡have¡¡interested¡¡the¡¡world¡¡and¡¡¡¡influenced¡¡the¡¡ways¡¡of¡¡civilized¡¡nations¡£¡¡¡¡Thanks¡¡to¡¡Memoirs¡¡¡¡and¡¡Maxims£»¡¡we¡¡are¡¡able¡¡to¡¡reconstruct¡¡the¡¡life¡¡of¡¡a¡¡¡¡seventeenth¡¡or¡¡eighteenth¡¡century¡¡noblewoman¡¡as¡¡completely¡¡as¡¡¡¡German¡¡archeologists¡¡have¡¡rebuilt¡¡the¡¡temple¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Wingless¡¡¡¡Victory¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Acropolis¡¡from¡¡surrounding¡¡debris¡£

Interest¡¡in¡¡French¡¡society¡¡has£»¡¡however£»¡¡diminished¡¡during¡¡¡¡this¡¡century£»¡¡ceasing¡¡almost¡¡entirely¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Second¡¡Empire£»¡¡¡¡when¡¡foreign¡¡women¡¡gave¡¡the¡¡tone¡¡to¡¡a¡¡parvenu¡¡court¡¡from¡¡which¡¡¡¡the¡¡older¡¡aristocracy¡¡held¡¡aloof¡¡in¡¡disgust¡¡behind¡¡the¡¡closed¡¡¡¡gates¡¡of¡¡their¡¡¡¨hotels¡¨¡¡and¡¡historic¡¡chateaux¡£

With¡¡the¡¡exception¡¡of¡¡Balzac£»¡¡few¡¡writers¡¡have¡¡drawn¡¡authentic¡¡¡¡pictures¡¡of¡¡nineteenth¡­century¡¡noblewomen¡¡in¡¡France£»¡¡and¡¡his¡¡¡¡vivid¡¡portrayals¡¡are¡¡more¡¡the¡¡creations¡¡of¡¡genius¡¡than¡¡correct¡¡¡¡descriptions¡¡of¡¡a¡¡caste¡£

During¡¡the¡¡last¡¡fifty¡¡years¡¡French¡¡aristocrats¡¡have¡¡ceased¡¡to¡¡¡¡be¡¡factors¡¡even¡¡in¡¡matters¡¡social£»¡¡the¡¡sceptre¡¡they¡¡once¡¡held¡¡¡¡having¡¡passed¡¡into¡¡alien¡¡hands£»¡¡the¡¡daughters¡¡of¡¡Albion¡¡to¡¡a¡¡¡¡great¡¡extent¡¡replacing¡¡their¡¡French¡¡rivals¡¡in¡¡influencing¡¡the¡¡¡¡ways¡¡of¡¡the¡¡¡¨world£»¡¨¡¡¡­¡¡a¡¡change£»¡¡be¡¡it¡¡remarked¡¡in¡¡passing£»¡¡¡¡that¡¡has¡¡not¡¡improved¡¡the¡¡tone¡¡of¡¡society¡¡or¡¡contributed¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡spread¡¡of¡¡good¡¡manners¡£

People¡¡like¡¡the¡¡French¡¡nobles£»¡¡engaged¡¡in¡¡sulking¡¡and¡¡¡¡attempting¡¡to¡¡overthrow¡¡or¡¡boycott¡¡each¡¡succeeding¡¡regime£»¡¡¡¡must¡¡naturally¡¡lose¡¡their¡¡influence¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡have¡¡held¡¡aloof¡¡so¡¡¡¡long¡¡¡­¡¡fearing¡¡to¡¡compromise¡¡themselves¡¡by¡¡any¡¡advances¡¡to¡¡the¡¡¡¡powers¡¡that¡¡be£»¡¡and¡¡restrained¡¡by¡¡countless¡¡traditions¡¡from¡¡¡¡taking¡¡an¡¡active¡¡part¡¡in¡¡either¡¡the¡¡social¡¡or¡¡political¡¡strife¡¡¡¡¡­¡¡that¡¡little¡¡by¡¡little¡¡they¡¡have¡¡been¡¡passed¡¡by¡¡and¡¡ignored£»¡¡¡¡which¡¡is¡¡a¡¡pity£»¡¡for¡¡amid¡¡the¡¡ruin¡¡of¡¡many¡¡hopes¡¡and¡¡ambitions
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©
δÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡