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s Unions。 （Loud laughter。） It had been proved that the notoriously short lives of the working people … whose average span of life was about twenty years less than that of the well…to…do classes … their increasingly inferior physique； and the high rate of mortality amongst their children was caused by the wretched remuneration they received for hard and tiring work； the excessive number of hours they have to work； when employed； the bad quality of their food； the badly constructed and insanitary homes their poverty compels them to occupy； and the anxiety； worry； and depression of mind they have to suffer when out of employment。 （Cries of ‘Rot'； ‘Bosh'； and loud laughter。） Councillor Didlum said； ‘Rot'。 It was a very good word to describe the disease that was sapping the foundations of society and destroying the health and happiness and the very lives of so many of their fellow countrymen and women。 （Renewed merriment and shouts of ‘Go and buy a red tie。'） He appealed to the members to reject the resolution。 He was very glad to say that he believed it was true that the workmen in the employ of the Corporation were a little better off than those in the employ of private contractors； and if it were so； it was as it should be。 They had need to be better off than the poverty…stricken； half…starved poor wretches who worked for private firms。
Councillor Didlum said that it was very evident that Dr Weakling had obtained his seat on that Council by false pretences。 If he had told the ratepayers that he was a Socialist； they would never have elected him。 （Hear； hear。） Practically every Christian minister in the country would agree with him （Didlum） when he said that the poverty of the working classes was caused not by the ‘wretched remuneration they receive as wages'； but by Drink。 （Loud applause。） And he was very sure that the testimony of the clergy of all denominations was more to be relied upon than the opinion of a man like Dr Weakling。 （Hear； hear。）
Dr Weakling said that if some of the clergymen referred to or some of the members of the council had to exist and toil amid the same sordid surroundings； overcrowding and ignorance as some of the working classes； they would probably seek to secure some share of pleasure and forgetfulness in drink themselves！ （Great uproar and shouts of ‘Order'； ‘Withdraw'； ‘Apologize'。）
Councillor Grinder said that even if it was true that the haverage lives of the working classes was twenty years shorter than those of the better classes； he could not see what it had got to do with Dr Weakling。 （Hear； hear。） So long as the working class was contented to die twenty years before their time； he failed to see what it had got to do with other people。 They was not runnin' short of workers； was they？ There was still plenty of 'em left。 （Laughter。） So long as the workin' class was satisfied to die orf … let 'em die orf！ It was a free country。 （Applause。） The workin' class adn't arst Dr Weakling to stick up for them； had they？ If they wasn't satisfied； they would stick up for theirselves！ The working men didn't want the likes of Dr Weakling to stick up for them； and they would let 'im know it when the next election came round。 If he （Grinder） was a wordly man； he would not mind betting that the workin' men of Dr Weakling's ward would give him ‘the dirty kick out' next November。 （Applause。）
Councillor Weakling； who knew that this was probably true； made no further protest。 Rushton's proposition was carried； and then the Clerk announced that the next item was the resolution Mr Didlum had given notice of at the last meeting； and the Mayor accordingly called upon that gentleman。
Councillor Didlum； who was received with loud cheers； said that unfortunately a certain member of that Council seemed to think he had a right to oppose nearly everything that was brought forward。
（The majority of the members of the Band glared malignantly at Weakling。）
He hoped that for once the individual he referred to would have the decency to restrain himself； because the resolution he （Didlum） was about to have the honour of proposing was one that he believed no right…minded man … no matter what his politics or religious opinions … could possibly object to； and he trusted that for the credit of the Council it would be entered on the records as an unopposed motion。 The resolution was as follows：
‘That from this date all the meetings of this Council shall be opened with prayer and closed with the singing of the Doxology。' （Loud applause。）
Councillor Rushton seconded the resolution； which was also supported by Mr Grinder； who said that at a time like the present； when there was sich a lot of infiddles about who said that we all came from monkeys； the Council would be showing a good example to the working classes by adopting the resolution。
Councillor Weakling said nothing； so the new rule was carried nem。 con。； and as there was no more business to be done it was put into operation for the first time there and then。 Mr Sweater conducting the singing with a roll of paper … the plan of the drain of ‘The Cave' … and each member singing a different tune。
Weakling withdrew during the singing； and afterwards； before the Band dispersed； it was agreed that a certain number of them were to meet the Chief at the Cave； on the following evening to arrange the details of the proposed raid on the finances of the town in connection with the sale of the Electric Light Works。
Chapter 40
Vive la System！
The alterations which the Corporation had undertaken to make in the Kiosk on the Grand Parade provided employment for several carpenters and plasterers for about three weeks； and afterwards for several painters。 This fact was sufficient to secure the working men's unqualified approval of the action of the Council in letting the place to Grinder； and Councillor Weakling's opposition … the reasons of which they did not take the trouble to inquire into or understand … they as heartily condemned。 All they knew or cared was that he had tried to prevent the work being done； and that he had referred in insulting terms to the working men of the town。 What right had he to call them half…starved； poverty…stricken； poor wretches？ If it came to being poverty…stricken； according to all accounts； he wasn't any too well orf hisself。 Some of those blokes who went swaggering about in frock…coats and pot…'ats was just as 'ard up as anyone else if the truth was known。
As for the Corporation workmen； it was quite right that their wages should be reduced。 Why should they get more money than anyone else？
‘It's us what's got to find the money；' they said。 ‘We're the ratepayers； and why should we have to pay them more wages than we get ourselves？ And why should they be paid for holidays any more than us？'
During the next few weeks the dearth of employment continued； for； of course； the work at the Kiosk and the few others jobs that were being done did not make much difference to the general situation。 Groups of workmen stood at the corners or walked aimlessly about the streets。 Most of them no longer troubled to go to the different firms to ask for work； they were usually told that they would be sent for if wanted。
During this time Owen did his best to convert the other men to his views。 He had accumulated a little library of Socialist books and pamphlets which he lent to those he hoped to influence。 Some of them took these books and promised； with the air of men who were conferring a great favour； that they would read them。 As a rule； when they returned them it was with vague expressions of approval； but they usually evinced a disinclination to discuss the contents in detail because； in nine instances out of ten； they had not attempted to read them。 As for those who did make a half…hearted effort to do so； in the majority of cases their minds were so rusty and stultified by long years of disuse； that； although the pamphlets were generally written in such simple language that a child might have understood； the argument was generally too obscure to be grasped by men whose minds were addled by the stories told them by their Liberal and Tory masters。 Some； when Owen offered to lend them some books or pamphlets refused to accept them； and others who did him the great favour of accepting them； afterwards boasted that they had used them as toilet paper。
Owen frequently entered into long arguments with the other men； saying that it was the duty of the State to provide productive work for all those who were willing to do it。 Some few of them listened like men who only vaguely understood； but were willing to be convinced。
‘Yes； mate。 It's right enough what you say；' they would remark。 ‘Something ought to be done。'
Others ridiculed this doctrine of State employment： It was all very fine； but where was the money to come from？ And then those who had been disposed to agree with Owen could relapse into their old apathy。
There were others who did not listen so quietly； but shouted with many curses that it was the likes of such fellows as Owen who were responsible for all the depression in trade。 All this talk about Socialism and State employment was frightening Capital out of the country。 T