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the origins of contemporary france-5-第12章

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Torre…di…Gafolo; a league off; I wrote the bulletin of the battle

under his dictation〃 (of Marengo)。  …De Ségur; II。; 30 (Narrative of

M。 Daru to M。 De Ségur  Aug。  13; 1805; at the headquarters of La

Manche; Napoleon dictates to M。 Daru the complete plan of the campaign

against Austria): 〃Order of marches; their duration; places of

convergence or meeting of the columns; attacks in full force; the

various movements and mistakes of the enemy; all; in this rapid

dictation; was foreseen two months beforehand and at a distance of two

hundred leagues。  。  。  。  The battle…field; the victories; and even

the very days on which we were to enter Munich and Vienna were then

announced and written down as it all turned out。  。  。  。  Daru saw

these oracles fulfilled on the designated days up to our entry into

Munich; if there were any differences of time and not of results

between Munich and Vienna; they were all in our favor。〃 …M。 de La

Vallette; 〃Mémoires;〃 II。; p。  35。  (He was postmaster…general):  〃It

often happened to me that I was not as certain as he was of distances

and of many details in my administration on which he was able to set

me straight。〃 … On returning from the camp at Bologna; Napoleon

encounters a squad of soldiers who had got lost; asks what regiment

they belong to; calculates the day they left; the road they took; what

distance they should have marched。  and then tells them; 〃You will

find your battalion at such a halting place。〃 … At this time; 〃the

army numbered 200;000 men。〃



'61' Madame de Rémusat; I。; 103; 268。



'62' Thibaudeau; p。25; I (on the Jacobin survivors): 〃They are nothing

but common artisans; painters; etc。; with lively imaginations; a

little better instructed than the people; living amongst the people

and exercising influence over them。〃 … Madame de Rémusat; I。; 271 (on

the royalist party): 〃It is very easy to deceive that party because

its starting…point is not what it is; but what it would like to have。〃

…  I。; 337: 〃The Bourbons will never see anything except through the

Oeil de Boeuf。〃 … Thibaudeau; p。46: 〃Insurrections and emigrations are

skin diseases; terrorism is an internal malady。〃 Ibid。; 75: 〃What now

keeps the spirit of the army up is the idea soldiers have that they

occupy the places of former nobles。〃



'63' Thibaudeau; pp。419 to 452。  (Both texts are given in separate

columns。) And passim; for instance; p。84; the following portrayal of

the decadal system of worship under the Republic: 〃It was imagined

that citizens could be got together in churches; to freeze with cold

and hear; read; and study laws; in which there was already but little

fun for those who executed them。〃 Another example of the way in which

his ideas expressed themselves through imagery (Pelet de la Lozère; p。

242): 〃I am not satisfied with the customs regulations on the Alps。

They show no life。  We don't hear the rattle of crown pieces pouring

into the public treasury。〃 To appreciate the vividness of Napoleon's

expressions and thought the reader must consult; especially; the five

or six long conversations; noted on the very evening of the day they

occurred by Roederer; the two or three conversations likewise noted by

Miot de Melito; the scenes narrated by Beugnot; the notes of Pelet de

la Lozère and by Stanislas de Girardin; and nearly the entire volume

by Thibaudeau。



'64' Pelet de la Lozère; 63; 64。  (On the physiological differences

between the English and the French。) … Madame de Rémusat; I。; 273;

392: 〃You; Frenchmen; are not in earnest about anything; except;

perhaps; equality; and even here you would gladly give this up if you

were sure of being the foremost。  。  。  。  The hope of advancement in

the world should be cherished by everybody。  。  。  。  Keep your vanity

always alive  The severity of the republican government would have

worried you to death。  What started the Revolution? Vanity。   What

will end it? Vanity; again。  Liberty is merely a pretext。〃 … III。; 153

〃Liberty is the craving of a small and privileged class by nature;

with faculties superior to the common run of men; this class;

therefore; may be put under restraint with impunity; equality; on the

contrary; catches the multitude。〃 … Thibaudeau; 99: 〃What do I care

for the opinions and cackle of the drawing…room? I never heed it。  I

pay attention only to what rude peasants say。〃 His estimates of

certain situations are masterpieces of picturesque concision。  〃Why

did I stop and sign the preliminaries of Leoben? Because I played

vingt…et…un and was satisfied with twenty。〃 His insight into

(dramatic) character is that of the most sagacious critic。   〃The

'Mahomet' of Voltaire is neither a prophet nor an Arab; only an

impostor graduated out of the école Polytechnique。〃 … 〃 Madame de

Genlis tries to define virtue as if she were the discoverer of it。〃 …

(On Madame de Sta?l): 〃This woman teaches people to think who never

took to it; or have forgotten how。〃 … (On Chateaubriand; one of whose

relations had just been shot) : 〃He will write a few pathetic pages

and read them aloud in the faubourg Saint…Germain; pretty women will

shed tears; and that will console him。〃 …  (On Abbé Delille) : 〃He is

wit in its dotage。〃 … (On Pasquier and Molé): 〃I make the most of one;

and made the other。〃 … Madame de Rémusat; II。; 389; 391; 394; 399;

402; III。; 67。



'65' Bourrienne; II。; 281; 342: 〃It pained me to write official

statements under his dictation; of which each was an imposture。〃 He

always answered: 〃My dear sir; you are a simpleton … you understand

nothing!〃 … Madame de Rémusat; II。; 205; 209。



'66' See especially the campaign bulletins for 1807; so insulting to

the king and queen of Prussia; but; owing to that fact; so well

calculated to excite the contemptuous laughter and jeers of the

soldiers。



'67' In 〃La Correspondance de Napoleon;〃 published in thirty…two

volumes; the letters are arranged under dates。  … In his

'〃Correspondance avec Eugène; vice…roi d'Italie;〃 they are arranged

under chapters; also with Joseph; King of Naples and afterwards King

of Spain。  It is easy to select other chapters not less instructive:

one on foreign affairs (letters to M。 de Champagny; M de Talleyrand;

and M。 de Bassano); another on the finances (letters to M。 Gaudin and

to M。 Mollien); another on the navy (letters to Admiral Decrès);

another on military administration (letters to General Clarke);

another on the affairs of the Church (letters to M。 Portalis and to M。

Bigot de Préameneu); another on the Police (letters to Fouché); etc。

… Finally; by dividing and distributing his letters according as they

relate to this or that grand enterprise; especially to this or that

military campaign; a third classification could be made。  … In this

way we can form a concept of the vastness of his positive knowledge;

also of the scope of his intellect and talents。  Cf。  especially the

following letters to Prince Eugène; June II; 1806 (on the supplies and

expenses of the Italian army); June 1st and 18th; 1806 (on the

occupation of Dalmatia; and on the military situation; offensive and

defensive)。  To Gen。  Dejean; April 28; 1806 (on the war supplies);

June 27; 1806 (on the fortifications of Peschiera) July 20; 1806 (on

the fortifications of Wesel and of Juliers)。  … 〃Mes souvenirs sur

Napoleon〃; p。  353 by the Count Chaptal: 〃One day; the Emperor said to

me that he would like to organize a military school at Fontainebleau;

he then explained to me the principal features of the establishment;

and ordered me to draw up the necessary articles and bring them to him

the next day。  I worked all night and they were ready at the appointed

hour。  He read them over and pronounced them correct; but not

complete。  He bade me take a seat and then dictated to me for two or

three hours a plan which consisted of five hundred and seventeen

articles。  Nothing more perfect; in my opinion; ever issued from a

man's brain。  … At another time; the Empress Josephine was to take the

waters at Aix…la…Chapelle; and the Emperor summoned me。  'The

Empress;' said he; 'is to leave to…morrow morning。  She is a good…

natured; easy…going woman and must have her route and behavior marked

out for her。  Write it down。' He then dictated instructions to me on

twenty…one large sheets of paper; in which everything she was to say

and to do was designated; even the questions and replies she was to

make to the authorities on the way。〃



'68' One French league equals approximately 4 km。 70;000 square

leagues then equal 1;120;000 km。2; or 400;000 square miles or 11% of

the United States but 5 times the size of Great Britain。  (SR。)



'69' Cf。  in the 〃Correspondance〃 the letters dated at Schoenbrunn

near Vienna; during August and September; 1809; and especially:



the great number of letters and orders relating to the English

expeditions to Walcheren;

the letters to chief…judge Régnier and to the arch…chanc
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