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〃Then how did it come to be in this state？〃 inquired Genestas。
〃Ah！ how？〃 the miller answered； as he shrugged his shoulders and went indoors； 〃M。 Benassis will tell you that。〃
The officer went over a rough sort of bridge built up of boulders taken from the torrent bed； and soon reached the house that had been pointed out to him。 The thatched roof of the dwelling was still entire； it was covered with moss indeed； but there were no holes in it； and the door and its fastenings seemed to be in good repair。 Genestas saw a fire on the hearth as he entered； an old woman kneeling in the chimney…corner before a sick man seated in a chair； and another man； who was standing with his face turned toward the fireplace。 The house consisted of a single room； which was lighted by a wretched window covered with linen cloth。 The floor was of beaten earth； the chair； a table； and a truckle…bed comprised the whole of the furniture。 The commandant had never seen anything so poor and bare； not even in Russia； where the moujik's huts are like the dens of wild beasts。 Nothing within it spoke of ordinary life； there were not even the simplest appliances for cooking food of the commonest description。 It might have been a dog…kennel without a drinking…pan。 But for the truckle…bed； a smock…frock hanging from a nail； and some sabots filled with straw； which composed the invalid's entire wardrobe； this cottage would have looked as empty as the others。 The aged peasant woman upon her knees was devoting all her attention to keeping the sufferer's feet in a tub filled with a brown liquid。 Hearing a footstep and the clank of spurs； which sounded strangely in ears accustomed to the plodding pace of country folk； the man turned to Genestas。 A sort of surprise； in which the old woman shared was visible in his face。
〃There is no need to ask if you are M。 Benassis；〃 said the soldier。 〃You will pardon me； sir； if； as a stranger impatient to see you； I have come to seek you on your field of battle； instead of awaiting you at your house。 Pray do not disturb yourself； go on with what you are doing。 When it is over； I will tell you the purpose of my visit。〃
Genestas half seated himself upon the edge of the table； and remained silent。 The firelight shone more brightly in the room than the faint rays of the sun； for the mountain crests intercepted them； so that they seldom reached this corner of the valley。 A few branches of resinous pinewood made a bright blaze； and it was by the light of this fire that the soldier saw the face of the man towards whom he was drawn by a secret motive； by a wish to seek him out； to study and to know him thoroughly well。 M。 Benassis； the local doctor； heard Genestas with indifference； and with folded arms he returned his bow； and went back to his patient； quite unaware that he was being subjected to a scrutiny as earnest as that which the soldier turned upon him。
Benassis was a man of ordinary height； broad…shouldered and deep… chested。 A capacious green overcoat； buttoned up to the chin； prevented the officer from observing any characteristic details of his personal appearance； but his dark and motionless figure served as a strong relief to his face； which caught the bright light of the blazing fire。 The face was not unlike that of a satyr； there was the same slightly protruding forehead； full； in this case； of prominences； all more or less denoting character； the same turned…up nose； with a sprightly cleavage at the tip； the same high cheek…bones。 The lines of the mouth were crooked； the lips； thick and red。 The chin turned sharply upwards。 There was an alert； animated look in the brown eyes； to which their pearly whites gave great brightness； and which expressed passions now subdued。 His iron…gray hair； the deep wrinkles in his face； the bushy eyebrows that had grown white already； the veins on his protuberant nose； the tanned face covered with red blotches； everything about him； in short； indicated a man of fifty and the hard work of his profession。 The officer could come to no conclusion as to the capacity of the head； which was covered by a close cap； but hidden though it was； it seemed to him to be one of the square…shaped kind that gave rise to the expression 〃square…headed。〃 Genestas was accustomed to read the indications that mark the features of men destined to do great things； since he had been brought into close relations with the energetic natures sought out by Napoleon； so he suspected that there must be some mystery in this life of obscurity； and said to himself as he looked at the remarkable face before him：
〃How comes it that he is still a country doctor？〃
When he had made a careful study of this countenance； that； in spite of its resemblance to other human faces； revealed an inner life nowise in harmony with a commonplace exterior； he could not help sharing the doctor's interest in his patient； and the sight of that patient completely changed the current of his thoughts。
Much as the old cavalry officer had seen in the course of his soldier's career； he felt a thrill of surprise and horror at the sight of a human face which could never have been lighted up with thoughta livid face in which a look of dumb suffering showed so plainlythe same look that is sometimes worn by a child too young to speak； and too weak to cry any longer； in short； it was the wholly animal face of an old dying cretin。 The cretin was the one variety of the human species with which the commandant had not yet come in contact。 At the sight of the deep； circular folds of skin on the forehead； the sodden； fish…like eyes； and the head； with its short； coarse； scantily…growing haira head utterly divested of all the faculties of the senseswho would not have experienced； as Genestas did； an instinctive feeling of repulsion for a being that had neither the physical beauty of an animal nor the mental endowments of man； who was possessed of neither instinct nor reason； and who had never heard nor spoken any kind of articulate speech？ It seemed difficult to expend any regrets over the poor wretch now visibly drawing towards the very end of an existence which had not been life in any sense of the word； yet the old woman watched him with touching anxiety； and was rubbing his legs where the hot water did not reach them with as much tenderness as if he had been her husband。 Benassis himself； after a close scrutiny of the dull eyes and corpse…like face； gently took the cretin's hand and felt his pulse。
〃The bath is doing no good；〃 he said； shaking his head； 〃let us put him to bed again。〃
He lifted the inert mass himself； and carried him across to the truckle…bed； from whence； no doubt； he had just taken him。 Carefully he laid him at full length； and straightened the limbs that were growing cold already； putting the head and hand in position； with all the heed that a mother could bestow upon her child。
〃It is all over； death is very near；〃 added Benassis； who remained standing by the bedside。
The old woman gazed at the dying form； with her hands on her hips。 A few tears stole down her cheeks。 Genestas remained silent。 He was unable to explain to himself how it was that the death of a being that concerned him so little should affect him so much。 Unconsciously he shared the feeling of boundless pity that these hapless creatures excite among the dwellers in the sunless valleys wherein Nature has placed them。 This sentiment has degenerated into a kind of religious superstition in families to which cretins belong； but does it not spring from the most beautiful of Christian virtuesfrom charity； and from a belief in a reward hereafter； that most effectual support of our social system； and the one thought that enables us to endure our miseries？ The hope of inheriting eternal bliss helps the relations of these unhappy creatures and all others round about them to exert on a large scale； and with sublime devotion； a mother's ceaseless protecting care over an apathetic creature who does not understand it in the first instance； and who in a little while forgets it all。 Wonderful power of religion！ that has brought a blind beneficence to the aid of an equally blind misery。 Wherever cretins exist； there is a popular belief that the presence of one of these creatures brings luck to a familya superstition that serves to sweeten lives which； in the midst of a town population； would be condemned by a mistaken philanthropy to submit to the harsh discipline of an asylum。 In the higher end of the valley of Isere； where cretins are very numerous； they lead an out…of…door life with the cattle which they are taught to herd。 There； at any rate； they are at large； and receive the reverence due to misfortune。
A moment later the village bell clinked at slow regular intervals； to acquaint the flock with the death of one of their number。 In the sound that reached the cottage but faintly across the intervening space； there was a thought of religion which seemed to fill it with a melancholy peace。 The tread of many feet echoed up the road； giving notice of an approaching crowd of peoplea crowd that uttered not a word。 Then suddenly the chanting of the Church broke the stillness； calling up the confused thoughts that take possession of the most sceptical minds； and compel th