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ith such serious intent that nothing could take his attention from it。 During a recreation period Honore was copying； as usual； some extra lines as a punishment。 A turbulent troupe invaded the classroom and flung themselves upon the box which concealed the manuscript。 They wanted to know and they were going to know！ Honore defended the box energetically； for it was his heart and brain which they wanted to know； it was all his knowledge and beautiful dreams that they wished to lay bare to the light of day。 There followed a veritable battle around that little wooden casket。 Attracted by the outcries of the assailants； one of the masters； Father Haugoult； arrived in the midst of the tumult。 Balzac's crime was proclaimed； he was hiding papers in his box and refused to show them。 The master straightway ordered this bad pupil to surrender these secret and forbidden writings。 Honore could not do otherwise than obey； for the box would be broken open if he did not unlock it of his own accord； so； with trembling hands； he despoiled himself of his treasures。
With careless fingers the master fumbled over the manuscript and with an air of disdain and a voice of severity summed up the case against this bad pupil：
〃And it was for the sake of such nonsense that you have been neglecting your duties！〃
Honore held back his tears； profoundly hurt at this blow to his dreams and his creative pride； but he retained a confused sense of injustice and a conviction of the superior quality of his work。
He had now been at the Vendome school for more than six years； and had given himself up to a prodigious amount of work； the extent of which no one even suspected。 He had grown thin and pallid and half dazed； intoxicated with the ideas which whirled within his brain without system or order。 He seemed to be attacked by some grave malady； the cause of which could not be explained。 The director of the school； M。 Mareschal Duplessis； became anxious and wrote to the boy's parents to come and take him out of school。 They came post…haste。 Honore was apparently in a somnambulistic state； hardly answering the questions put to him； his features were drawn and haggard； for he had been carrying too heavy a burden of readings； feelings and thoughts。 His family could no more understand than his masters did the origin of his strange disorder。 And Mme。 Sallambier； who had come to live with her daughter at Tours； after the death of her husband in 1804； summed up the opinion of the family：
〃That is the state in which the schools give us back the fine children that we send them！〃
Chapter 2。
The Garret。
His dazed condition； however； soon passed away after Honore's removal from the Vendome school。 He was required to take long walks and play outdoor games； in consequence of which his cheeks filled out and regained their natural healthy colour。 In appearance he was now a big lad； naive and contented； who laughingly submitted to his sisters' teasing。 But he had put his ideas in order： the new and troubled wine of books； to the intoxication of which he had succumbed； had clarified itself； his intellect was now exceptionally profound and mature。 But his family was not willing to perceive this； and when by chance some remark of his revealed it his mother would answer：
〃Honore； you do not understand what you are saying！〃
He did not try to dissuade her from this opinion； but consoled himself by turning to Laure and Laurence and confiding his plans to them：
〃You shall see！ I am going to be a great man！〃
The girls laughed at this somewhat heavy…witted brother； who was so behind…hand in his studies； that although in the second form when he left Vendome； he had to be put back into the third at Tours； in the institution conducted by a M。 Chretien。 They greeted him with profound bows and mock reverence； and； while he responded with a good…natured smile； there was a certain pride mingled with it and an indefinable secret certainty as to the future。
In 1814 Francois Balzac was appointed Director of the Commissary Department of the First Military District； and the whole family removed to Paris； settling in the Marais quarter。 Honore continued his studies at two different schools successively； first at the Lepitre school； in the Rue Saint…Louis； and then at the establishment of Sganzer and Bauzelin； in the Rue de Thorigny； where he continued to display the same mediocrity and the same indifference regarding the tasks required of him。 Having finished the prescribed courses； he returned to his family； which at this time was living at No。 40； Rue du Temple； and his father decided that he should study law； supplementing the theoretical instruction of the law school with practical lessons from an attorney and notary。 Honore was enrolled in the law school November 4； 1816； and at the same time was intrusted to a certain M。 de Merville； who undertook to teach him procedure。 He spent eighteen months in these studies； and was then transferred to the office of M。 Passez； where the same lapse of time initiated him into the secrets of a notary's duties。 In the month of January； 1819； he passed his examinations in law。
During these three years the life of Honore de Balzac had been extremely laborious。 He faithfully attended the law school courses and copied legal and notarial documents。 Yet all this did not prevent him from satisfying his literary tastes by attending the lectures given at the Sorbonne by Villemain； Guizot and Cousin。 Nor had he given up his ambition to write and to become a great man； as he had predicted to his sisters； Laure and Laurence。 Mme de Balzac； severe mother that she was； had regulated the employment of his time in such a way that he could never be at liberty。 His bed…chamber adjoined his father's study； and he was required to go to bed at nine o'clock and rise at five； under such strict surveillance that he could later write； in The Magic Skin； 〃Up to the age of twenty…one I was bent beneath the yoke of a despotism as cold as that of a monastic order。〃 In the evening； after dinner； he rendered an account of his day； and was then permitted to take a hand at Boston or whist； at the card…table of his grandmother Mme。 Sallambier。 The latter； sympathising with her grandson； who was so strictly limited in money that he hardly had； from day to day； two crowns that he could call his own； allowed herself to be beaten to the extent of moderate sums； which Honore afterwards spent in the purchase of new books。
In spite of this strict family discipline； Honore was at this time a congenial companion； full of high spirits and eager to please。 He was delightfully ingenuous； and laughed heartily at jests at his own expense； frankly admitting his own blunders。 But at times he would draw himself up in a haughty manner； half in fun and half in earnest： 〃Oh！ I have not forgotten that I am destined to be a great man！〃
Between the copying of two writs Honore de Balzac feverishly continued his literary efforts。 He did not yet know how to make use of the material he had already amassed； ideas drawn from books and observations drawn from life； and he tried to measure his strength with that of the classic writers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries。 In overhauling Balzac's youthful papers； Champfleury has recovered the greater part of these essays。 They show the greatest variety of interests。 Here are five stanzas of wretched verse concerning the book of Job； two stanzas on Robert…le…Diable； a projected poem entitled； Saint Louis； the rough drafts of several novels； Stenie or Philosophic Errors； Falthurne： the Manuscript of the Abbe Savonati； translated from Italian by M。 Matricante； Primary School Principal； The Accursed Child； The Two Friends； a satiric sketch； The Day's Work of a Man of Letters； Some Fools； and； furthermore； fragments of a work on idolatry； theism and natural religion； a historic monograph on the Vaudois； some outlined letters on Paris； literature； and the general police system of the realm of letters。 In his youthful enthusiasms； Honore de Balzac shifted from Beaumarchais to Moliere； from Voltaire to Rousseau； from Racine to Corneille； and； contrary to his temperament； he drew up plans for violent and pathetic dramas； suited to the taste of the day。
After he had passed his examinations in law； and the question arose of a choice of career； his father announced to him the one which he had decided Honore should adopt： he should be a notary。 One of their friends was willing to turn over his practice to him after a few years of apprenticeship。 It was an honourable position； remunerative and much sought after。 Honore de Balzac had arrived at the turning point of his existence。 Here were two avenues before him； the first that of a notary； paved with gold； where he might reap honour； profit and esteem； a straight and easy route； restful and without unknown dangers； the second； lying outside of all the paths traced by society； and offering to those who entered upon it only a nebulous future； full of perils； uncertain combats； care； privation and want。 It is a road which one must hew out for oneself； through the obscure forest of art and ideas； and many are the imprudent who have over…estimated their strength and perished there in the midst of i