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forty centuries of ink-第22章

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bag。〃



An English compendium of ink formulas; published

in 1693; calls attention to many formulas for black

inks as well as gold; silver; and the colored ones; no

comment; however; is made in respect to any particular

one being better than another as to permanency;

and these conditions would seem to have continued for

nearly a century later; though the art of handwriting

was making giant strides。



It is a remarkable fact that notwithstanding the numerous

devotees to that art which included many of

the gentler sex; reproductions of whose skill in 〃Indian〃

ink are to be found engraved in magnificent

publications; both in book and other forms; there is no

mention in them or in any others included within this

period about the necessity of using any other DURABLE

ink for record or commercial purposes。



As indicative in some degree of the progress of the

art of handwriting and handwriting materials; commencing

A。 D。 1525 and ending A。 D。 1814; I present

herewith a compilation of the names of over one hundred

of the best known calligraphers and authors of

the world; and not to be found as a whole in any public

or private library。 It is arranged in chronological

order。



1525。



The first English essay on the subject of

〃Curious Calligraphy〃 was by a woman who

from all accounts possessed most remarkable

facility in the use of the pen as well as a

knowledge of languages。 Her name was Elizabeth

Lucar; as she was born in London in

1510 and died 1537; her work must have

been accomplished when only fifteen years of

age。



1540。



Roger Ascham; best known as the tutor of

Queen Elizabeth。



1570。



Peter Bales; author of many works; 〃The

Writing Schoolmaster;〃 which he published in

three parts; being the best known。 He was

also a microscopic writer。 His rooms were at

the sign of 〃The Hand and Golden Pen;〃

London。



1571。



John de Beauchesne; teacher of the Princess

Elizabeth; daughter of King James I。 Author

of many copy books。



1588。



John Mellis; 〃Merchants Accounts;〃 etc。



1600。



Elizabeth Jane Weston; of London and Prague;

wrote many poems in old Latin。



1600。



Hester Inglis; 〃The Psalms of David。〃



1601。



John Davies; 〃The Writing Schoolmaster; or

Anatomy of Fair Writing。〃



1616。



Richard Gething; 〃The Hand and Pen;

1645; 〃Chirographia〃 and many others。



1618。



Martin Billingsley; 〃The Writing Schoolmaster;

or the Anatomie of Fair Writing。〃 This

author was writing master to King Charles I。



1622。



David Brown; who was scribe to King James I。

〃Calligraphia。〃



1622。



William Comley; 〃Copy…Book of all the most

usual English Hands;〃 etc。



1646。



Josiah Ricrafte; 〃The Peculiar Character of

the Oriental Languages。〃



1650。



Louis Hughes; 〃Plain and Easy Directions to

Fair Writing。〃



1650。



John Johnson; 〃The Usual Practices of Fair

and Speedy Writing。〃



1651。



John Clithers; 〃The Pens Paradise;〃 dedicated

to Prince Charles。



1652。



James Seamer; 〃A Compendium of All the

Usual Hands Written in England。〃



1657。



Edward Cocker; penman and engraver; famous

in his time for the number and variety of his

productions。 Author of 〃The Pen's Triumph;〃

〃The Artist's Glory;〃 〃England's Penman;〃

and many more。



1659。



James Hodder; 〃The Penman's Recreation;〃

etc。



1660。



John Fisher; 〃The Pen's Treasury。〃



1663。



Richard Daniel; 〃A Compendium of many

hands of Various Countries。〃



1669。



Peter Story or Stent; 〃Fair Writing of Several

Hands in Use。〃



1678。



William Raven; 〃An Exact Copy of the Court

Hand。〃



1680。



Peter Ivers; famous for his engrossing and

drawings。



1680。



Thomas Watson; 〃Copy…Book of Alphabets。〃



1681。



John Pardie; 〃An Essay on the German Text

and Old Print Alphabets。〃



1681。



Thomas Weston; 〃Ancilla Calligraphiae。〃



1681。



Peter Gery; 〃Copy book of all the Hands in

use; Performed according to the Natural Freeness

of the Pen。〃



1681。



William Elder; 〃Copy…book of the most useful

and necessary Hands now used in England。〃



1683。



John Ayers; 〃Tutor to Penmanship;〃 and

many others。



1684。



Caleb Williams; 〃Nuncius Oris;〃 written and

engraved by himself。



1693。



Charles Snell; 〃The Penman's Treasury

Opened;〃 1712; 〃Art of Writing in Theory

and Practice;〃 1714; 〃Standard Rules;〃 etc。



1695。



Richard Alleine; writing master。



1695。



Eleazer Wigin; 〃The Hand and Pen。〃



1695。



John Sedden; 〃The Penman's Paradise。〃



1696。



John Eade; writing master。



1699。



Joseph Alleine; published several books about

writing and accounts。



1699。



Robert More; 〃The Writing Masters Assistant。〃

1725。 〃The General Penman。〃



1700。



John Beckham; father of the celebrated George

Beckham; wrote and engraved several pieces

for 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1700。



Edward Smith; 〃The Mysteries of the Pen in

fifteen Hands; Unfolded;〃 etc。



1700。



Henry Legg; 〃Writing and Arithmetic。〃



1702。



William Banson; 〃The Merchants Penman。〃



1703。



John Dundas; microscopic writer。



1705。



George Shelley; 〃The Penmans Magazine。〃

In 1730 he wrote several pages for 〃Bickman's

Universal Penman。〃



1708。



John Clark; 〃The Penmans Diversion。〃



1709。



James Heacock; writing master。



1709。



George Shelley; 〃Natural writing in all

hands。〃



1711。



George Bickham; one of the most famous of

writers of his time; born 1684; died 1758; author

of 〃The Universal Penman。〃 He published

many works。 1711; 〃The British Penman;〃

1731; 〃Penmanship in its utmost

Beauty and Extent〃 and 〃The Universal Penman〃

are the best known。



1709。



John Rayner; 〃Paul's Scholars Copy…Book。〃



1711。



Humphrey Johnson; 〃Youth's Recreation: a

Copy…Book of Writing done by Command of

Hand。〃



1712。



William Webster; writing and mathematics。

1730; wrote several pages for 〃The Universal

Penman。〃



1713。



Thomas Ollyffe; 〃The Hand and Pen。〃 1714;

〃The Practical Penman。〃



1717。



William Brooks; 〃Delightful Recreation for

the Industrious。〃 Contributor to 〃The Universal

Penman。〃



1717。



Abraham Nicholas; 〃Various Examples of Penmanship。〃

1722; 〃The Compleat Writing

Master。〃 Wrote also for 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1719。



Ralph Snow; 〃Youths Introduction to Handwriting。〃



1720。



William Richards; 〃The Complete Penman。〃



1723。



John Jarman; 〃A System of Court Hands。〃



1724。



Henry Lune; 〃Round Hand Complete。〃



1725。



John Shortland; writing master and contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1725。



Edward Dawson; writing master and contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1726。



Moses Gratwick; writing master and contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1727。



John Langton; 〃The Italien Hand。〃



1728。



John Day; writing master and contributor to

〃The Universal Penman。〃



1729。



Gabriel Brooks; writing master and contributor

to; 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1730。



William Keppax; writing master and contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1730。



John Bland; 〃Essay in Writing。〃 Also contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1730。



Solomon Cook; 〃The Modish Round Hand。〃



1730。



William Leckey; 〃A Discourse on the Use of

the Pen。〃 Contributor to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1730。



Peter Norman; writing master and contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1730。



Wellington Clark; writing master and contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1730。



Zachary Chambers; 〃Vive la Plume。〃 Contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1733。



Bright Whilton; writing master and contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1734。



Timothy Treadway; writing master and contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1738。



George J。 Bickham; writing master; also wrote

for 〃Bickham's Universal Penman。〃



1739。



Emanuel Austin; writing master; he wrote 22

pages in 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1739。



Samuel Vaux; writing master and contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1740。



Jeremiah Andrews; writing master and tutor

to King George III。



1740。



Nathaniel Dove; 〃The Progress of Time;〃 and

contributor to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1741。



John Blande; 〃Essay in Writing; 1730; contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1741。



Richard Morris; writing master and contributor

to 〃The Universal Penman。〃



1747。



Mary Johns; microscopic writer and author。



1749。



Charles Woodham; 〃A Specimen of Writing;

in the most Useful Hands now Pra
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