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TESTAMENTS； AND PORTIONS OF TESTAMENTS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD。
THE SCRIPTURES； IN WHOLE OR IN PART； HAVE BEEN PRINTED； AS OF DECEMBER；
1955； IN 1；092 LANGUAGES； AND NEW LANGUAGES ARE CONSTANTLY BEING ADDED。
690
PAGE 288。 FOREIGN MISSIONS。THE MISSIONARY ACTIVITY OF THE EARLY CHRISTIAN
CHURCH HAS NOT BEEN DUPLICATED UNTIL MODERN TIMES。 IT HAD VIRTUALLY DIED OUT
BY THE YEAR 1000； AND WAS SUCCEEDED BY THE MILITARY CAMPAIGNS OF THE
CRUSADES。 THE REFORMATION ERA SAW LITTLE FOREIGN MISSION WORK； EXCEPT ON THE
PART OF THE EARLY JESUITS。 THE PIETISTIC REVIVAL PRODUCED SOME MISSIONARIES。
THE WORK OF THE MORAVIAN CHURCH IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY WAS REMARKABLE；
AND THERE WERE SOME MISSIONARY SOCIETIES FORMED BY THE BRITISH FOR WORK IN
COLONIZED NORTH AMERICA。 BUT THE GREAT RESURGENCE OF FOREIGN MISSIONARY
ACTIVITY BEGINS AROUND THE YEAR 1800； AT 〃THE TIME OF THE END。〃 DANIEL 12：4。
IN 1792 WAS FORMED THE BAPTIST MISSIONARY SOCIETY； WHICH SENT CAREY TO
INDIA。 IN 1795 THE LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY WAS ORGANIZED； AND ANOTHER
SOCIETY IN 1799 WHICH IN 1812 BECAME THE CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY。 SHORTLY
AFTERWARD THE WESLEYAN MISSIONARY SOCIETY WAS FOUNDED。 IN THE UNITED STATES
THE AMERICAN BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS FOR FOREIGN MISSIONS WAS FORMED IN 1812；
AND ADONIRAM JUDSON WAS SENT OUT THAT YEAR TO CALCUTTA。 HE ESTABLISHED
HIMSELF IN BURMA THE NEXT YEAR。 IN 1814 THE AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY
UNION WAS FORMED。 THE PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS WAS FORMED IN
1837。
〃IN A。D。 1800； 。 。 。 THE OVERWHELMING MAJORITY OF CHRISTIANS WERE THE
DESCENDANTS OF THOSE WHO HAD BEEN WON BEFORE A。D。 1500。 。 。 。 NOW； IN THE
NINETEENTH CENTURY； CAME A FURTHER EXPANSION OF CHRISTIANITY。 NOT SO MANY
CONTINENTS OR MAJOR COUNTRIES WERE ENTERED FOR THE FIRST TIME AS IN THE
PRECEDING THREE CENTURIES。 THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN IMPOSSIBLE； FOR ON ALL THE
LARGER LAND MASSES OF THE EARTH EXCEPT AUSTRALIA AND AMONG ALL THE MORE
NUMEROUS PEOPLES AND IN ALL THE AREAS OF HIGH CIVILIZATION CHRISTIANITY HAD
BEEN INTRODUCED BEFORE A。D。 1800。 WHAT NOW OCCURRED WAS THE ACQUISITION OF
FRESH FOOTHOLDS IN REGIONS AND AMONG PEOPLES ALREADY TOUCHED； AN EXPANSION
OF UNPRECEDENTED EXTENT FROM BOTH THE NEWER BASES AND THE OLDER ONES； AND
THE ENTRANCE OF CHRISTIANITY INTO THE LARGE MAJORITY OF SUCH COUNTRIES；
ISLANDS； PEOPLES； AND TRIBES AS HAD PREVIOUSLY NOT BEEN TOUCHED。 。 。 。
〃THE NINETEENTH CENTURY SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY WAS DUE PRIMARILY TO A NEW
BURST OF RELIGIOUS LIFE EMANATING FROM THE CHRISTIAN IMPULSE。 。 。 。 NEVER IN
ANY CORRESPONDING LENGTH OF TIME HAD THE CHRISTIAN IMPULSE GIVEN RISE TO SO
MANY NEW MOVEMENTS。 NEVER HAD IT HAD QUITE SO GREAT AN EFFECT UPON WESTERN
EUROPEAN PEOPLES。 IT WAS FROM THIS ABOUNDING VIGOR THAT THERE ISSUED THE
MISSIONARY ENTERPRISE WHICH DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY SO AUGMENTED THE
NUMERICAL STRENGTH AND THE INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY。〃KENNETH SCOTT
LATOURETTE； A HISTORY OF THE EXPANSION OF CHRISTIANITY； VOL。 IV； THE GREAT
CENTURY A。D。 1800…A。D。 1914 （NEW YORK： HARPER & BROTHERS； 1941）； PP。 2…4。
PAGES 327； 329。 PROPHETIC DATES。ACCORDING TO JEWISH RECKONING THE FIFTH
MONTH （AB） OF THE SEVENTH YEAR OF ARTAXERXES' REIGN WAS FROM JULY 23 TO
AUGUST 21； 457 B。C。 AFTER EZRA'S ARRIVAL IN JERUSALEM IN THE AUTUMN OF THE
YEAR； THE DECREE OF THE KING WENT INTO EFFECT。 FOR THE CERTAINTY OF THE DATE
457 B。C。 BEING THE SEVENTH YEAR OF ARTAXERXES； SEE S。 H。 HORN AND L。 H。
WOOD； THE
691
CHRONOLOGY OF EZRA 7 （WASHINGTON； D。 C。： REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING ASSN。；
1953）； E。 G。 KRAELING； THE BROOKLYN MUSEUM ARAMAIC PAPYRI （NEW HAVEN OR
LONDON； 1953）； PP。 191…193； THE SEVENTH…DAY ADVENTIST BIBLE COMMENTARY
（WASHINGTON； D。C。： REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING ASSN。； 1954）； VOL。 3； PP。
97…110。
PAGE 335。 FALL OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE。THE IMPACT OF MOSLEM TURKEY UPON
EUROPE AFTER THE FALL OF CONSTANTINOPLE IN 1453 WAS AS SEVERE AS HAD BEEN
THE CATASTROPHIC CONQUESTS OF THE MOSLEM SARACENS； DURING THE CENTURY AND A
HALF AFTER THE DEATH OF MOHAMMED； UPON THE EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE。 THROUGHOUT
THE REFORMATION ERA； TURKEY WAS A CONTINUAL THREAT AT THE EASTERN GATES OF
EUROPEAN CHRISTENDOM； THE WRITINGS OF THE REFORMERS ARE FULL OF CONDEMNATION
OF THE OTTOMAN POWER。 CHRISTIAN WRITERS SINCE HAVE BEEN CONCERNED WITH THE
ROLE OF TURKEY IN FUTURE WORLD EVENTS； AND COMMENTATORS ON PROPHECY HAVE
SEEN TURKISH POWER AND ITS DECLINE FORECAST IN SCRIPTURE。
FOR THE LATTER CHAPTER； UNDER THE 〃HOUR； DAY； MONTH； YEAR〃 PROPHECY； AS PART
OF THE SIXTH TRUMPET； JOSIAH LITCH WORKED OUT AN APPLICATION OF THE TIME
PROPHECY； TERMINATING TURKISH INDEPENDENCE IN AUGUST； 1840。 LITCH'S VIEW CAN
BE FOUND IN FULL IN HIS THE PROBABILITY OF THE SECOND COMING OF CHRIST ABOUT
A。D。 1843 （PUBLISHED IN JUNE； 1838）； AN ADDRESS TO THE CLERGY （PUBLISHED IN
THE SPRING OF 1840； A SECOND EDITION； WITH HISTORICAL DATA IN SUPPORT OF THE
ACCURACY OF FORMER CALCULATIONS OF THE PROPHETIC PERIOD EXTENDING TO THE
FALL OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE； WAS PUBLISHED IN 1841）； AND AN ARTICLE IN SIGNS
OF THE TIMES AND EXPOSITOR OF PROPHECY； AUG。 1； 1840。 SEE ALSO ARTICLE IN
SIGNS OF THE TIMES AND EXPOSITOR OF PROPHECY； FEB。 1； 1841； AND J。 N。
LOUGHBOROUGH； THE GREAT ADVENT MOVEMENT （1905 ED。）； PP。 129…132。 THE BOOK BY
URIAH SMITH； THOUGHTS ON DANIEL AND THE REVELATION； REV。 ED。 OF 1944；
DISCUSSES THE PROPHETIC TIMING OF THIS PROPHECY ON PAGES 506…517。
FOR THE EARLIER HISTORY OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND THE DECLINE OF THE TURKISH
POWER； SEE ALSO WILLIAM MILLER； THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND ITS SUCCESSORS；
1801…1927 （CAMBRIDGE； ENGLAND： UNIVERSITY PRESS； 1936）； GEORGE G。 S。 L。
EVERSLEY； THE TURKISH EMPIRE FROM 1288 TO 1914 （LONDON ： T。 FISHER UNWIN；
LTD。； 2D ED。； 1923）； JOSEPH VON HAMMER…PURGSTALL； GESCHICHTE DES
OSMANNISCHEN REICHES （PESTH： C。 A。 HARTLEBEN； 2D ED。； 1834…36）； 4 VOLS。；
HERBERT A。 GIBBONS； FOUNDATION OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE； 1300…1403 （OXFORD：
UNIVERSITY PRESS； 1916）； ARNOLD J。 TOYNBEE AND KENNETH B。 KIRKWOOD； TURKEY
（LONDON； 1926）。
PAGE 340。 WITHHOLDING THE BIBLE FROM THE PEOPLE。THE READER WILL RECOGNIZE
THAT THE TEXT OF THIS VOLUME WAS WRITTEN PRIOR TO VATICAN COUNCIL II； WITH
ITS SOMEWHAT ALTERED POLICIES IN REGARD TO THE READING OF THE SCRIPTURES。
THROUGH THE CENTURIES； THE ATTITUDE OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH TOWARD
CIRCULATION OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURES IN VERNACULAR VERSIONS AMONG THE LAITY
SHOWS UP AS NEGATIVE。 SEE FOR EXAMPLE G。 P。 FISHER； THE REFORMATION； CH。 15；
692
PAR。 16 （1873 ED。； PP。 530…532）； J。 CARDINAL GIBBONS； THE FAITH OF OUR
FATHERS； CH。 8 （49TH ED。； 1897）； PP。 98…117； JOHN DOWLING； HISTORY OF
ROMANISM； B。 7； CH。 2； SEC。 14； AND B。 9； CH。 3； SECS。 24…27 （1871 ED。； PP。
491…496； 621…625）； L。 F。 BUNGENER； HISTORY OF THE COUNCIL OF TRENT； PP。
101…110 （2D EDINBURGH ED。； 1853； TRANSLATED BY D。 D。 SCOTT）； G。 H。 PUTNAM；
BOOKS AND THEIR MAKERS DURING THE MIDDLE AGES； VOL。 1； PT。 2； CH。 2； PARS。
49； 54…56。 SEE ALSO INDEX OF PROHIBITED BOOKS （VATICAN POLYGLOT PRESS；
1930）； PP。 IX； X； TIMOTHY HURLEY； A COMMENTARY ON THE PRESENT INDEX
LEGISLATION （NEW YORK： BENZIGER BROTHERS； 1908）； P。
71； TRANSLATION OF THE GREAT ENCYCLICAL LETTERS OF LEO XIII （NEW
YORK： BENZIGER BROTHERS； 1903）； P。 413。
BUT IN RECENT YEARS A DRAMATIC AND POSITIVE CHANGE HAS OCCURRED IN THIS
RESPECT。 ON THE ONE HAND； THE CHURCH HAS APPROVED SEVERAL VERSIONS PREPARED
ON THE BASIS OF THE ORIGINAL LANGUAGES； ON THE OTHER； IT HAS PROMOTED THE
STUDY OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURES BY MEANS OF FREE DISTRIBUTION AND BIBLE
INSTITUTES。 THE CHURCH； HOWEVER； CONTINUES TO RESERVE FOR HERSELF THE
EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO INTERPRET THE BIBLE IN THE LIGHT OF HER OWN TRADITION；
THUS JUSTIFYING THOSE DOCTRINES THAT DO NOT HARMONIZE WITH BIBLICAL
TEACHINGS。
PAGE 373。 ASCENSION ROBES。THE STORY THAT THE ADVENTISTS MADE ROBES WITH
WHICH TO ASCEND 〃TO MEET THE LORD IN THE AIR；〃 WAS INVENTED BY THOSE WHO
WISHED TO REPROACH THE ADVENT PREACHING。 IT WAS CIRCULATED SO INDUSTRIOUSLY
THAT MANY BELIEVED IT； BUT CAREFUL INQUIRY PROVED ITS FALSITY。 FOR MANY
YEARS A SUBSTANTIAL REWARD WAS OFFERED FOR PROOF THAT ONE SUCH INSTANCE EVER
OCCURRED； BUT NO PROOF HAS BEEN PRODUCED。 NONE WHO LOVED THE APPEARING OF
THE SAVIOUR WERE SO IGNORANT OF THE TEACHINGS OF THE SCRIPTURES AS TO
SUPPOSE THAT ROBES WHICH THEY COULD MAKE WOULD BE NECESSARY FOR THAT
OCCASION。 THE ONLY ROBE WHICH THE SAINTS WILL NEED TO MEET THE LORD IS THE
RIGHTEOUSNESS OF CHRIST。 SEE ISAIAH 61：10； REVELATION 19：8。
FOR A THOROUGH REFUTATION OF THE LEGEND OF ASCENSION ROBES； SEE FRANCIS D。
NICHOL； MIDNIGHT CRY （WASHINGTON； D。C。： REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING ASSN。；
1944）； CHS。 25…27； AND APPENDICES H…J。 SEE ALSO LEROY EDWIN FROOM； PROPHETIC
FAITH OF OUR FATHERS （WASHINGTON； D。C。： REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING ASSN。；
1954）； VOL。 4； PP。 822…826。
PAGE 374。 THE CHRONOLOGY OF PROPHECY。DR。 GEORGE BUSH； PROFESSOR OF HEBREW
AND ORIENTAL LITERATURE IN THE NEW YORK CITY UNIVERSITY； IN A LETTER
ADDRESSED TO WILLIAM MILLER AND PUBLISHED IN THE ADVENT HERALD AND SIGNS OF
THE TIMES REPORTER； BOSTON； MARCH 6 AND 13； 1844； MADE SOME IMPORTANT
ADMISSIONS RELATIVE TO HIS CALCULATION OF THE PROPHETIC TIMES。 DR。 BUSH
WROTE：
〃NEITHER IS IT TO BE OB