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from¡¡all¡¡ecclesiastical¡¡pains¡¡and¡¡penalties£»¡¡general¡¡and¡¡particular£»¡¡it
released¡¡all¡¡who¡¡joined¡¡the¡¡crusade¡¡from¡¡any¡¡oaths¡¡they¡¡might¡¡have¡¡taken£»¡¡it
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property¡£¡¨Wylie£»¡¡b¡£¡¡16£»¡¡ch¡£¡¡1¡£¡¡This¡¡document¡¡clearly¡¡reveals¡¡the¡¡master
spirit¡¡behind¡¡the¡¡scenes¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡the¡¡roar¡¡of¡¡the¡¡dragon£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡the¡¡voice¡¡of
Christ£»¡¡that¡¡is¡¡heard¡¡therein¡£

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of¡¡God's¡¡law£»¡¡but¡¡erected¡¡a¡¡standard¡¡to¡¡suit¡¡themselves£»¡¡and¡¡determined¡¡to
compel¡¡all¡¡to¡¡conform¡¡to¡¡this¡¡because¡¡Rome¡¡willed¡¡it¡£¡¡The¡¡most¡¡horrible
tragedies¡¡were¡¡enacted¡£¡¡Corrupt¡¡and¡¡blasphemous¡¡priests¡¡and¡¡popes¡¡were¡¡doing
the¡¡work¡¡which¡¡Satan¡¡appointed¡¡them¡£¡¡Mercy¡¡had

78

no¡¡place¡¡in¡¡their¡¡natures¡£¡¡The¡¡same¡¡spirit¡¡that¡¡crucified¡¡Christ¡¡and¡¡slew
the¡¡apostles£»¡¡the¡¡same¡¡that¡¡moved¡¡the¡¡blood¡­thirsty¡¡Nero¡¡against¡¡the
faithful¡¡in¡¡his¡¡day£»¡¡was¡¡at¡¡work¡¡to¡¡rid¡¡the¡¡earth¡¡of¡¡those¡¡who¡¡were¡¡beloved
of¡¡God¡£

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were¡¡endured¡¡by¡¡them¡¡with¡¡a¡¡patience¡¡and¡¡constancy¡¡that¡¡honored¡¡their
Redeemer¡£¡¡Notwithstanding¡¡the¡¡crusades¡¡against¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡inhuman
butchery¡¡to¡¡which¡¡they¡¡were¡¡subjected£»¡¡they¡¡continued¡¡to¡¡send¡¡out¡¡their
missionaries¡¡to¡¡scatter¡¡the¡¡precious¡¡truth¡£¡¡They¡¡were¡¡hunted¡¡to¡¡death£»¡¡yet
their¡¡blood¡¡watered¡¡the¡¡seed¡¡sown£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡failed¡¡not¡¡of¡¡yielding¡¡fruit¡£¡¡Thus
the¡¡Waldenses¡¡witnessed¡¡for¡¡God¡¡centuries¡¡before¡¡the¡¡birth¡¡of¡¡Luther¡£
Scattered¡¡over¡¡many¡¡lands£»¡¡they¡¡planted¡¡the¡¡seeds¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Reformation¡¡that
began¡¡in¡¡the¡¡time¡¡of¡¡Wycliffe£»¡¡grew¡¡broad¡¡and¡¡deep¡¡in¡¡the¡¡days¡¡of¡¡Luther£»
and¡¡is¡¡to¡¡be¡¡carried¡¡forward¡¡to¡¡the¡¡close¡¡of¡¡time¡¡by¡¡those¡¡who¡¡also¡¡are
willing¡¡to¡¡suffer¡¡all¡¡things¡¡for¡¡¡¨the¡¡word¡¡of¡¡God£»¡¡and¡¡for¡¡the¡¡testimony¡¡of
Jesus¡¡Christ¡£¡¨¡¡Revelation¡¡1£º9¡£




¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨79£©

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Chapter¡¡5

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡Wycliffe


Before¡¡the¡¡Reformation¡¡there¡¡were¡¡at¡¡times¡¡but¡¡very¡¡few¡¡copies¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bible
in¡¡existence£»¡¡but¡¡God¡¡had¡¡not¡¡suffered¡¡His¡¡word¡¡to¡¡be¡¡wholly¡¡destroyed¡£¡¡Its
truths¡¡were¡¡not¡¡to¡¡be¡¡forever¡¡hidden¡£¡¡He¡¡could¡¡as¡¡easily¡¡unchain¡¡the¡¡words
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servants¡¡free¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡different¡¡countries¡¡of¡¡Europe¡¡men¡¡were¡¡moved¡¡by¡¡the
Spirit¡¡of¡¡God¡¡to¡¡search¡¡for¡¡the¡¡truth¡¡as¡¡for¡¡hid¡¡treasures¡£¡¡Providentially
guided¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Holy¡¡Scriptures£»¡¡they¡¡studied¡¡the¡¡sacred¡¡pages¡¡with¡¡intense
interest¡£¡¡They¡¡were¡¡willing¡¡to¡¡accept¡¡the¡¡light¡¡at¡¡any¡¡cost¡¡to¡¡themselves¡£
Though¡¡they¡¡did¡¡not¡¡see¡¡all¡¡things¡¡clearly£»¡¡they¡¡were¡¡enabled¡¡to¡¡perceive
many¡¡long¡­buried¡¡truths¡£¡¡As¡¡Heaven¡­sent¡¡messengers¡¡they¡¡went¡¡forth£»¡¡rending
asunder¡¡the¡¡chains¡¡of¡¡error¡¡and¡¡superstition£»¡¡and¡¡calling¡¡upon¡¡those¡¡who¡¡had
been¡¡so¡¡long¡¡enslaved£»¡¡to¡¡arise¡¡and¡¡assert¡¡their¡¡liberty¡£

Except¡¡among¡¡the¡¡Waldenses£»¡¡the¡¡word¡¡of¡¡God¡¡had¡¡for¡¡ages¡¡been¡¡locked¡¡up¡¡in
languages¡¡known¡¡only¡¡to¡¡the¡¡learned£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡time¡¡had¡¡come¡¡for¡¡the
Scriptures¡¡to¡¡be¡¡translated¡¡and¡¡given¡¡to¡¡the¡¡people¡¡of¡¡different¡¡lands¡¡in
their¡¡native¡¡tongue¡£¡¡The¡¡world¡¡had¡¡passed¡¡its¡¡midnight¡£¡¡The¡¡hours¡¡of
darkness¡¡were¡¡wearing¡¡away£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡many¡¡lands¡¡appeared¡¡tokens¡¡of¡¡the¡¡coming
dawn¡£

80


In¡¡the¡¡fourteenth¡¡century¡¡arose¡¡in¡¡England¡¡the¡¡¡¨morning¡¡star¡¡of¡¡the
Reformation¡£¡¨¡¡John¡¡Wycliffe¡¡was¡¡the¡¡herald¡¡of¡¡reform£»¡¡not¡¡for¡¡England¡¡alone£»
but¡¡for¡¡all¡¡Christendom¡£¡¡The¡¡great¡¡protest¡¡against¡¡Rome¡¡which¡¡it¡¡was
permitted¡¡him¡¡to¡¡utter¡¡was¡¡never¡¡to¡¡be¡¡silenced¡£¡¡That¡¡protest¡¡opened¡¡the
struggle¡¡which¡¡was¡¡to¡¡result¡¡in¡¡the¡¡emancipation¡¡of¡¡individuals£»¡¡of
churches£»¡¡and¡¡of¡¡nations¡£

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the¡¡beginning¡¡of¡¡wisdom¡£¡¡He¡¡was¡¡noted¡¡at¡¡college¡¡for¡¡his¡¡fervent¡¡piety¡¡as
well¡¡as¡¡for¡¡his¡¡remarkable¡¡talents¡¡and¡¡sound¡¡scholarship¡£¡¡In¡¡his¡¡thirst¡¡for
knowledge¡¡he¡¡sought¡¡to¡¡become¡¡acquainted¡¡with¡¡every¡¡branch¡¡of¡¡learning¡£¡¡He
was¡¡educated¡¡in¡¡the¡¡scholastic¡¡philosophy£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡canons¡¡of¡¡the¡¡church£»¡¡and
in¡¡the¡¡civil¡¡law£»¡¡especially¡¡that¡¡of¡¡his¡¡own¡¡country¡£¡¡In¡¡his¡¡after¡¡labors
the¡¡value¡¡of¡¡this¡¡early¡¡training¡¡was¡¡apparent¡£¡¡A¡¡thorough¡¡acquaintance¡¡with
the¡¡speculative¡¡philosophy¡¡of¡¡his¡¡time¡¡enabled¡¡him¡¡to¡¡expose¡¡its¡¡errors£»¡¡and
by¡¡his¡¡study¡¡of¡¡national¡¡and¡¡ecclesiastical¡¡law¡¡he¡¡was¡¡prepared¡¡to¡¡engage¡¡in
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The¡¡power¡¡of¡¡his¡¡genius¡¡and¡¡the¡¡extent¡¡and¡¡thoroughness¡¡of¡¡his¡¡knowledge
commanded¡¡the¡¡respect¡¡of¡¡both¡¡friends¡¡and¡¡foes¡£¡¡His¡¡adherents¡¡saw¡¡with
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the¡¡nation£»¡¡and¡¡his¡¡enemies¡¡were¡¡prevented¡¡from¡¡casting¡¡contempt¡¡upon¡¡the
cause¡¡of¡¡reform¡¡by¡¡exposing¡¡the¡¡ignorance¡¡or¡¡weakness¡¡of¡¡its¡¡supporter¡£

While¡¡Wycliffe¡¡was¡¡still¡¡at¡¡college£»¡¡he¡¡entered¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡study¡¡of¡¡the
Scriptures¡£¡¡In¡¡those¡¡early¡¡times£»¡¡when¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡existed¡¡only¡¡in¡¡the¡¡ancient
languages£»¡¡scholars¡¡were¡¡enabled¡¡to¡¡find¡¡their¡¡way¡¡to¡¡the¡¡fountain¡¡of¡¡truth£»
which¡¡was¡¡closed¡¡to¡¡the¡¡uneducated¡¡classes¡£¡¡Thus¡¡already¡¡the¡¡way¡¡had¡¡been
prepared¡¡for¡¡Wycliffe's¡¡future¡¡work¡¡as¡¡a¡¡Reformer¡£¡¡Men

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡81

of¡¡learning¡¡had¡¡studied¡¡the¡¡word¡¡of¡¡God¡¡and¡¡had¡¡found¡¡the¡¡great¡¡truth¡¡of¡¡His
free¡¡grace¡¡there¡¡revealed¡£¡¡In¡¡their¡¡teachings¡¡they¡¡had¡¡spread¡¡a¡¡knowledge¡¡of
this¡¡truth£»¡¡and¡¡had¡¡led¡¡others¡¡to¡¡turn¡¡to¡¡the¡¡living¡¡oracles¡£

When¡¡Wycliffe's¡¡attention¡¡was¡¡directed¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Scriptures£»¡¡he¡¡entered¡¡upon
their¡¡investigation¡¡with¡¡the¡¡same¡¡thoroughness¡¡which¡¡had¡¡enabled¡¡him¡¡to
master¡¡the¡¡learning¡¡of¡¡the¡¡schools¡£¡¡Heretofore¡¡he¡¡had¡¡felt¡¡a¡¡great¡¡want£»
which¡¡neither¡¡his¡¡scholastic¡¡studies¡¡nor¡¡the¡¡teaching¡¡of¡¡the¡¡church¡¡could
satisfy¡£¡¡In¡¡the¡¡word¡¡of¡¡God¡¡he¡¡found¡¡that¡¡which¡¡he¡¡had¡¡before¡¡sought¡¡in
vain¡£¡¡Here¡¡he¡¡saw¡¡the¡¡plan¡¡of¡¡salvation¡¡revealed¡¡and¡¡Christ¡¡set¡¡forth¡¡as¡¡the
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determined¡¡to¡¡proclaim¡¡the¡¡truths¡¡he¡¡had¡¡discovered¡£

Like¡¡after¡¡Reformers£»¡¡Wycliffe¡¡did¡¡not£»¡¡at¡¡the¡¡opening¡¡of¡¡his¡¡work£»¡¡foresee
whither¡¡it¡¡would¡¡lead¡¡him¡£¡¡He¡¡did¡¡not¡¡set¡¡himself¡¡deliberately¡¡in¡¡opposition
to¡¡Rome¡£¡¡But¡¡devotion¡¡to¡¡truth¡¡could¡¡not¡¡but¡¡bring¡¡him¡¡in¡¡conflict¡¡with
falsehood¡£¡¡The¡¡more¡¡clearly¡¡he¡¡discerned¡¡the¡¡errors¡¡of¡¡the¡¡papacy£»¡¡the¡¡more
earnestly¡¡he¡¡presented¡¡the¡¡teaching¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bible¡£¡¡He¡¡saw¡¡that¡¡Rome¡¡had
forsaken¡¡the¡¡word¡¡of¡¡God¡¡for¡¡human¡¡tradition£»¡¡he¡¡fearlessly¡¡accused¡¡the
priesthood¡¡of¡¡having¡¡banished¡¡the¡¡Scriptures£»¡¡and¡¡demanded¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡be
restored¡¡to¡¡the¡¡people¡¡and¡¡that¡¡its¡¡authority¡¡be¡¡again¡¡established¡¡in¡¡the
church¡£¡¡He¡¡was¡¡an¡¡able¡¡and¡¡earnest¡¡teacher¡¡and¡¡an¡¡eloquent¡¡preacher£»¡¡and¡¡his
daily¡¡life¡¡was¡¡a¡¡demonstration¡¡of¡¡the¡¡truths¡¡he¡¡preached¡£¡¡His¡¡knowledge¡¡of
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unbending¡¡courage¡¡and¡¡integrity¡¡won¡¡for¡¡him¡¡general¡¡esteem¡¡and¡¡confidence¡£
Many¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people¡¡had¡¡become¡¡dissatisfied¡¡with¡¡their¡¡former¡¡faith¡¡as¡¡they
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unconcealed¡¡joy¡¡the¡¡truths¡¡brought¡¡to¡¡view¡¡by¡¡Wycliffe£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡papal
leaders¡¡were¡¡filled¡¡with¡¡rage¡¡when¡¡they¡¡perceived¡¡that¡¡this¡¡Reformer¡¡was
gaining¡¡an¡¡influence¡¡greater¡¡than¡¡their¡¡own¡£

82


Wycliffe¡¡was¡¡a¡¡keen¡¡detector¡¡of¡¡error£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡struck¡¡fearlessly¡¡against¡¡many
of¡¡the¡¡abuses¡¡sanctioned¡¡by¡¡the¡¡authority¡¡of¡¡Rome¡£¡¡While¡¡acting¡¡as¡¡chaplain
for¡¡the¡¡king£»¡¡he¡¡took¡¡a¡¡bold¡¡stand¡¡against¡¡the¡¡payment¡¡of¡¡tribute¡¡claimed¡¡by
the¡¡pope¡¡from¡¡the¡¡English¡¡monarch¡¡and¡¡showed¡¡that¡¡the¡¡papal¡¡assumption¡¡of
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The¡¡demands¡¡of¡¡the¡¡pope¡¡had¡¡excited¡¡great¡¡indignation£»¡¡and¡¡Wycliffe's
teachings¡¡exerted¡¡an¡¡influence¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡leading¡¡minds¡¡of¡¡the¡¡nation¡£¡¡The
king¡¡and¡¡the¡¡nobles¡¡united¡¡in¡¡denying¡¡the¡¡pontiff's¡¡claim¡¡to¡¡temporal
authority¡¡and¡¡in¡¡refusing¡¡the¡¡payment¡¡of¡¡the¡¡tribute¡£¡¡Thus¡¡an¡¡effectual¡¡blow
was¡¡struck¡¡against¡¡the¡¡papal¡¡supremacy¡¡in¡¡England¡£

Another¡¡evil¡¡against¡¡which¡¡the¡¡Reformer¡¡waged¡¡long¡¡and¡¡resolute¡¡battle¡¡was
the¡¡institution¡¡of¡¡the¡¡orders¡¡of¡¡mendicant¡¡friars¡£¡¡These¡¡friars¡¡swarmed¡¡in
England£»¡¡casting¡¡a¡¡blight¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡greatness¡¡and¡¡prosperity¡¡of¡¡the¡¡nation¡£
Industry£»¡¡education£»¡¡morals£»¡¡all¡¡felt¡¡the¡¡withering¡¡influence¡£¡¡The¡¡monk's
life¡¡of¡¡idleness¡¡and¡¡beggary¡¡was¡¡not¡¡only¡¡a¡¡heavy¡¡drain¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡resources
of¡¡the¡¡people£»
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