ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡ÔĶÁ¹ý³Ì·¢ÏÖÈκδíÎóÇë¸æËßÎÒÃÇ£¬Ð»Ð»£¡£¡ ±¨¸æ´íÎó
¾ÅÉ«Êé¼® ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ½øÈëÊé°É ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©

misc writings and speeches(Ã×˹¿Ë˵Óëд)-µÚ22ÕÂ

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




poca¡¡gente¡£¡¨¡¡Canzone¡¡v¡££©¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡poems¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡religious¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡subjects¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡deserve¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡highest¡¡

commendation¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡At¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡head¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡placed¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Ode¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Virgin¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡is£»¡¡¡¡perhaps£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡finest¡¡¡¡¡¡hymn¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡world¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡devout¡¡

veneration¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡receives¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡exquisitely¡¡¡¡¡¡poetical¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡character¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡delicate¡¡

perception¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sex¡¡and¡¡the¡¡loveliness¡¡of¡¡his¡¡idol£»¡¡which¡¡we¡¡may¡¡easily¡¡

trace¡¡throughout¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡composition¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡could¡¡dwell¡¡with¡¡pleasure¡¡on¡¡these¡¡and¡¡similar¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡writings¡¡

of¡¡Petrarch£»¡¡but¡¡I¡¡must¡¡return¡¡to¡¡his¡¡amatory¡¡poetry£º¡¡to¡¡that¡¡he¡¡entrusted¡¡his¡¡

fame£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡that¡¡he¡¡has¡¡principally¡¡owed¡¡it¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡70¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡71¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡WRITINGS¡¡AND¡¡SPEECHES¡¡OF¡¡LORD¡¡MACAULAY¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡prevailing¡¡¡¡¡¡defect¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡best¡¡¡¡¡¡compositions¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡subject¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

universal¡¡brilliancy¡¡with¡¡which¡¡they¡¡are¡¡lighted¡¡up¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡natural¡¡language¡¡

of¡¡the¡¡passions¡¡is£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡often¡¡figurative¡¡and¡¡fantastic£»¡¡and¡¡with¡¡none¡¡is¡¡

this¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡case¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡love¡£¡¡Still¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡limit¡£¡¡The¡¡

feelings¡¡¡¡¡¡should£»¡¡¡¡indeed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡ornamental¡¡garb£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but£»¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡elegant¡¡

woman£»¡¡they¡¡should¡¡be¡¡neither¡¡muffled¡¡nor¡¡exposed¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡drapery¡¡should¡¡

be¡¡so¡¡arranged£»¡¡as¡¡at¡¡once¡¡to¡¡answer¡¡the¡¡purposes¡¡of¡¡modest¡¡concealment¡¡

and¡¡judicious¡¡display¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡decorations¡¡should¡¡sometimes¡¡be¡¡employed¡¡to¡¡

hide¡¡a¡¡defect£»¡¡and¡¡sometimes¡¡to¡¡heighten¡¡a¡¡beauty£»¡¡but¡¡never¡¡to¡¡conceal£»¡¡

much¡¡less¡¡to¡¡distort£»¡¡the¡¡charms¡¡to¡¡which¡¡they¡¡are¡¡subsidiary¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡love¡¡of¡¡

Petrarch£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡contrary£»¡¡arrays¡¡itself¡¡like¡¡a¡¡foppish¡¡savage£»¡¡whose¡¡nose¡¡is¡¡

bored¡¡with¡¡a¡¡golden¡¡ring£»¡¡whose¡¡skin¡¡is¡¡painted¡¡with¡¡grotesque¡¡forms¡¡and¡¡

dazzling¡¡¡¡¡¡colours£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡whose¡¡¡¡¡¡ears¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡drawn¡¡¡¡¡¡down¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡shoulders¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

weight¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡jewels¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡rule£»¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡exception£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡kinds¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

composition£»¡¡that¡¡the¡¡principal¡¡idea£»¡¡the¡¡predominant¡¡feeling£»¡¡should¡¡never¡¡

be¡¡confounded¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡accompanying¡¡¡¡¡¡decorations¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡generally¡¡

be¡¡¡¡¡¡distinguished¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡greater¡¡¡¡¡¡simplicity¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡expression£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡

recognise¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Napoleon¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡pictures¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡battles£»¡¡¡¡¡¡amidst¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡crowd¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

embroidered¡¡¡¡¡¡coats¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡plumes£»¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡grey¡¡¡¡¡¡cloak¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡hat¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

feather¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡the¡¡verses¡¡of¡¡Petrarch¡¡it¡¡is¡¡generally¡¡impossible¡¡to¡¡say¡¡what¡¡

thought¡¡is¡¡meant¡¡to¡¡be¡¡prominent¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡All¡¡is¡¡equally¡¡elaborate¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡chief¡¡

wears¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡same¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡gorgeous¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡degrading¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡livery¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡retinue£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

obtains¡¡only¡¡his¡¡share¡¡of¡¡the¡¡indifferent¡¡stare¡¡which¡¡we¡¡bestow¡¡upon¡¡them¡¡

in¡¡common¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡poems¡¡have¡¡no¡¡strong¡¡lights¡¡and¡¡shades£»¡¡no¡¡background£»¡¡

no¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡foreground£»they¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡illuminated¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡figures¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡oriental¡¡

manuscript£»plenty¡¡of¡¡rich¡¡tints¡¡and¡¡no¡¡perspective¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Such¡¡are¡¡the¡¡faults¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡most¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡celebrated¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡compositions¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡

universally¡¡acknowledged¡¡to¡¡be¡¡bad¡¡it¡¡is¡¡scarcely¡¡possible¡¡to¡¡speak¡¡with¡¡

patience¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Yet¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡much¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡common¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡splendid¡¡

companions¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡differ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡them£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡Mayday¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡procession¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

chimneysweepers¡¡differs¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Field¡¡of¡¡Cloth¡¡of¡¡Gold¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡have¡¡the¡¡

gaudiness¡¡but¡¡not¡¡the¡¡wealth¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡muse¡¡belongs¡¡to¡¡that¡¡numerous¡¡class¡¡of¡¡

females¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡objection¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡dirty£»¡¡¡¡¡¡while¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡tawdry¡£¡¡

When¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡brilliant¡¡¡¡¡¡conceits¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡exhausted£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡supplies¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡place¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡71¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡72¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡WRITINGS¡¡AND¡¡SPEECHES¡¡OF¡¡LORD¡¡MACAULAY¡¡



metaphysical¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡quibbles£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡forced¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡antitheses£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡bad¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡puns£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡execrable¡¡

charades¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡his¡¡fifth¡¡sonnet¡¡he¡¡may£»¡¡I¡¡think£»¡¡be¡¡said¡¡to¡¡have¡¡sounded¡¡the¡¡

lowest¡¡chasm¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bathos¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Upon¡¡the¡¡whole£»¡¡that¡¡piece¡¡may¡¡be¡¡safely¡¡

pronounced¡¡to¡¡be¡¡the¡¡worst¡¡attempt¡¡at¡¡poetry£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡worst¡¡attempt¡¡at¡¡wit£»¡¡

in¡¡the¡¡world¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡strong¡¡¡¡¡¡proof¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡truth¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡criticisms¡¡¡¡¡¡is£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡almost¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

sonnets¡¡produce¡¡exactly¡¡the¡¡same¡¡effect¡¡on¡¡the¡¡mind¡¡of¡¡the¡¡reader¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡

relate¡¡to¡¡all¡¡the¡¡various¡¡moods¡¡of¡¡a¡¡lover£»¡¡from¡¡joy¡¡to¡¡despair£ºyet¡¡they¡¡are¡¡

perused£»¡¡as¡¡far¡¡as¡¡my¡¡experience¡¡and¡¡observation¡¡have¡¡gone£»¡¡with¡¡exactly¡¡

the¡¡same¡¡feeling¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡fact¡¡is£»¡¡that¡¡in¡¡none¡¡of¡¡them¡¡are¡¡the¡¡passion¡¡and¡¡the¡¡

ingenuity¡¡¡¡¡¡mixed¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡just¡¡¡¡¡¡proportions¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡enough¡¡¡¡¡¡sentiment¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

dilute¡¡the¡¡condiments¡¡which¡¡are¡¡employed¡¡to¡¡season¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡repast¡¡which¡¡

he¡¡sets¡¡before¡¡us¡¡resembles¡¡the¡¡Spanish¡¡entertainment¡¡in¡¡Dryden's¡¡¡¨Mock¡¡

Astrologer¡¨£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡relish¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡dishes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡sauces¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡

overpowered¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡common¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡flavour¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡spice¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Fish£»flesh£»fowl£»¡¡

everything¡¡at¡¡table¡¡tasted¡¡of¡¡nothing¡¡but¡¡red¡¡pepper¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡writings¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Petrarch¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡indeed¡¡¡¡¡¡suffer¡¡¡¡¡¡undeservedly¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡

cause¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡allude¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡imitators¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡much¡¡¡¡¡¡familiarised¡¡

the¡¡ear¡¡of¡¡Italy¡¡and¡¡of¡¡Europe¡¡to¡¡the¡¡favourite¡¡topics¡¡of¡¡amorous¡¡flattery¡¡

and¡¡lamentation£»¡¡that¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡¡¡scarcely¡¡think¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡original¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡find¡¡

them¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡author£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡when¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡understandings¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡

convinced¡¡us¡¡that¡¡they¡¡were¡¡new¡¡to¡¡him£»¡¡they¡¡are¡¡still¡¡old¡¡to¡¡us¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡has¡¡

been¡¡the¡¡fate¡¡of¡¡many¡¡of¡¡the¡¡finest¡¡passages¡¡of¡¡the¡¡most¡¡eminent¡¡writers¡£¡¡

It¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡melancholy¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡trace¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡noble¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thought¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡stage¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡stage¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡

profanation£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡see¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡transferred¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡¡¡illustrious¡¡¡¡¡¡wearer¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡

lacqueys£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡turned£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡turned¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡again£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡last¡¡¡¡hung¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡scarecrow¡£¡¡

Petrarch¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡really¡¡¡¡¡¡suffered¡¡¡¡¡¡much¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡cause¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Yet¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡should¡¡

have¡¡so¡¡suffered¡¡is¡¡a¡¡sufficient¡¡proof¡¡that¡¡his¡¡excellences¡¡were¡¡not¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

highest¡¡order¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡line¡¡may¡¡be¡¡stolen£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡pervading¡¡spirit¡¡of¡¡a¡¡great¡¡

poet¡¡is¡¡not¡¡to¡¡be¡¡surreptitiously¡¡obtained¡¡by¡¡a¡¡plagiarist¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡continued¡¡

imitation¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡twenty¡­five¡¡¡¡¡¡centuries¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡left¡¡¡¡¡¡Homer¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡found¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡If¡¡

every¡¡simile¡¡and¡¡every¡¡turn¡¡of¡¡Dante¡¡had¡¡been¡¡copied¡¡ten¡¡thousand¡¡times£»¡¡

the¡¡Divine¡¡Comedy¡¡would¡¡have¡¡retained¡¡all¡¡its¡¡freshness¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡easy¡¡for¡¡

the¡¡¡¡porter¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Farquhar¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡pass¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡Beau¡¡¡¡¡¡Clincher£»¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡borrowing¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡lace¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡72¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡73¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡MISCELLANEOUS¡¡WRITINGS¡¡AND¡¡SPEECHES¡¡OF¡¡LORD¡¡MACAULAY¡¡



and¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡pulvilio¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡difficult¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡enact¡¡¡¡¡¡Sir¡¡¡¡¡¡Harry¡¡

Wildair¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Before¡¡I¡¡quit¡¡this¡¡subject¡¡I¡¡must¡¡defend¡¡Petrarch¡¡from¡¡one¡¡accusation¡¡

which¡¡is¡¡in¡¡the¡¡present¡¡day¡¡frequently¡¡brought¡¡against¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡sonnets¡¡

are¡¡¡¡pronounced¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡large¡¡¡¡sect¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡critics¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡possess¡¡¡¡¡¡certain¡¡¡¡¡¡qualities¡¡

which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡maintain¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡indispensable¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡sonnets£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡much¡¡

confidence£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡much¡¡reason£»¡¡as¡¡their¡¡prototypes¡¡of¡¡old¡¡insisted¡¡on¡¡the¡¡

unities¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡drama¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡am¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡exotericutterly¡¡¡¡¡¡unable¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡explain¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

mysteries¡¡of¡¡this¡¡new¡¡poetical¡¡faith¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡only¡¡know¡¡that¡¡it¡¡is¡¡a¡¡faith£»¡¡which¡¡

except¡¡a¡¡man¡¡do¡¡keep¡¡pure¡¡and¡¡undefiled£»¡¡without¡¡doubt¡¡he¡¡shall¡¡be¡¡called¡¡

a¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡blockhead¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡cannot£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡however£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡refrain¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡asking¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

particular¡¡virtue¡¡which¡¡belongs¡¡to¡¡fourteen¡¡as¡¡distinguished¡¡from¡¡all¡¡other¡¡

numbers¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Does¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡arise¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡being¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡multiple¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡seven£¿¡¡Has¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡

principle¡¡any¡¡reference¡¡to¡¡the¡¡sabbatical¡¡ordinance£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Or¡¡is¡¡it¡¡to¡¡the¡¡order¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡rhymes¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡singular¡¡¡¡¡¡properties¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡attached£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Unhappily¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

sonnets¡¡of¡¡Shakspeare¡¡differ¡¡as¡¡much¡¡in¡¡this¡¡respect¡¡from¡¡those¡¡of¡¡Petrarch£»¡¡

as¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡Spenserian¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡octave¡¡¡¡¡¡stanza¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Away¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡unmeaning¡¡

jargon£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡have¡¡pulled¡¡down¡¡the¡¡old¡¡regime¡¡of¡¡criticism¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡trust¡¡that¡¡

we¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡¡¡¡¡never¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡tolerate¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡equally¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡pedantic¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡irrational¡¡¡¡¡¡despotism£»¡¡

which¡¡some¡¡of¡¡the¡¡revolutionary¡¡leaders¡¡would¡¡erect¡¡upon¡¡its¡¡ruins¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡

have¡¡not¡¡dethroned¡¡Aristotle¡¡and¡¡Bossu¡¡for¡¡this¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡These¡¡sonnet¡­fanciers¡¡would¡¡do¡¡well¡¡to¡¡reflect¡¡that£»¡¡though¡¡the¡¡style¡¡of¡¡

Petrarch¡¡may¡¡not¡¡suit¡¡the¡¡standard¡¡of¡¡perfection¡¡which¡¡they¡¡have¡¡chosen£»¡¡

they¡¡lie¡¡under¡¡great¡¡oblig
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©
δÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡