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of the village； of some Spaniard or Frenchman； but； as he was a bachelor； and was killed at Fort Meigs； Ohio； during the War of 1812； the title was for many years lost sight of； and the farm was covered over by other claims and by occupants。 As St。 Louis began to grow； his brothers and sisters； and their descendants； concluded to look up the property。 After much and fruitless litigation； they at last retained Mr。 Stoddard； of Dayton； who in turn employed Mr。 Ewing； and these； after many years of labor； established the title； and in the summer of 1851 they were put in possession by the United States marshal。 The ground was laid off； the city survey extended over it； and the whole was sold in partition。 I made some purchases； and acquired an interest； which I have retained more or less ever since。
We continued to reside in St。 Louis throughout the year 1851； and in the spring of 1852 I had occasion to visit Fort Leavenworth on duty； partly to inspect a lot of cattle which a Mr。 Gordon； of Cass County； had contracted to deliver in New Mexico； to enable Colonel Sumner to attempt his scheme of making the soldiers in New Mexico self…supporting； by raising their own meat； and in a measure their own vegetables。 I found Fort Leavenworth then； as now； a most beautiful spot； but in the midst of a wild Indian country。 There were no whites settled in what is now the State of Kansas。 Weston； in Missouri； was the great town； and speculation in town…lots there and thereabout burnt the fingers of some of the army…officers； who wanted to plant their scanty dollars in a fruitful soil。 I rode on horseback over to Gordon's farm； saw the cattle； concluded the bargain； and returned by way of Independence； Missouri。 At Independence I found F。 X。 Aubrey； a noted man of that day； who had just made a celebrated ride of six hundred miles in six days。 That spring the United States quartermaster； Major L。 C。 Easton； at Fort Union； New Mexico； had occasion to send some message east by a certain date； and contracted with Aubrey to carry it to the nearest post…office （then Independence； Missouri）； making his compensation conditional on the time consumed。 He was supplied with a good horse； and an order on the outgoing trains for an exchange。 Though the whole route was infested with hostile Indians； and not a house on it； Aubrey started alone with his rifle。 He was fortunate in meeting several outward…bound trains； and there； by made frequent changes of horses； some four or five； and reached Independence in six days； having hardly rested or slept the whole way。 Of course； he was extremely fatigued； and said there was an opinion among the wild Indians that if a man 〃sleeps out his sleep；〃 after such extreme exhaustion； he will never awake； and； accordingly； he instructed his landlord to wake him up after eight hours of sleep。 When aroused at last； he saw by the clock that he had been asleep twenty hours； and he was dreadfully angry； threatened to murder his landlord； who protested he had tried in every way to get him up； but found it impossible； and had let him 〃sleep it out〃 Aubrey； in describing his sensations to me； said he took it for granted he was a dead man； but in fact he sustained no ill effects； and was off again in a few days。 I met him afterward often in California； and always esteemed him one of the best samples of that bold race of men who had grown up on the Plains； along with the Indians； in the service of the fur companies。 He was afterward； in 1856； killed by R。 C。 Weightman； in a bar…room row； at Santa Fe； New Mexico； where he had just arrived from California。
In going from Independence to Fort Leavenworth； I had to swim Milk Creek； and sleep all night in a Shawnee camp。 The next day I crossed the Kaw or Kansas River in a ferry boat； maintained by the blacksmith of the tribe； and reached the fort in the evening。 At that day the whole region was unsettled； where now exist many rich counties； highly cultivated； embracing several cities of from ten to forty thousand inhabitants。 From Fort Leavenworth I returned by steamboat to St。 Louis。
In the summer of 1852； my family went to Lancaster； Ohio； but I remained at my post。 Late in the season； it was rumored that I was to be transferred to New Orleans； and in due time I learned the cause。 During a part of the Mexican War； Major Seawell； of the Seventh Infantry； had been acting commissary of subsistence at New Orleans； then the great depot of supplies for the troops in Texas； and of those operating beyond the Rio Grande。 Commissaries at that time were allowed to purchase in open market； and were not restricted to advertising and awarding contracts to the lowest bidders。 It was reported that Major Seawell had purchased largely of the house of Perry Seawell & Co。； Mr。 Seawell being a relative of his。 When he was relieved in his duties by Major Waggman； of the regular Commissary Department； the latter found Perry Seawell & Co。 so prompt and satisfactory that he continued the patronage； for which there was a good reason； because stores for the use of the troops at remote posts had to be packed in a particular way； to bear transportation in wagons； or even on pack…mules； and this firm had made extraordinary preparations for this exclusive purpose。 Some time about 1849； a brother of Major Waggaman； who had been clerk to Captain Casey； commissary of subsistence； at Tampa Bay； Florida； was thrown out of office by the death of the captain； and he naturally applied to his brother in New Orleans for employment； and he； in turn； referred him to his friends； Messrs。 Perry Seawell & Co。 These first employed him as a clerk； and afterward admitted him as a partner。 Thus it resulted； in fact； that Major Waggaman was dealing largely； if not exclusively； with a firm of which his brother was a partner。
One day； as General Twiggs was coming across Lake Pontchartrain； he fell in with one of his old cronies； who was an extensive grocer。 This gentleman gradually led the conversation to the downward tendency of the times since he and Twiggs were young； saying that； in former years； all the merchants of New Orleans had a chance at government patronage； but now； in order to sell to the army commissary； one had to take a brother in as a partner。 General Twiggs resented this； but the merchant again affirmed it； and gave names。 As soon as General Twiggs reached his office； he instructed his adjutant…general； Colonel Blisswho told me thisto address a categorical note of inquiry to Major Waggaman。 The major very frankly stated the facts as they had arisen； and insisted that the firm of Perry Seawell & Co。 had enjoyed a large patronage； but deserved it richly by reason of their promptness； fairness； and fidelity。 The correspondence was sent to Washington； and the result was； that Major Waggaman was ordered to St。 Louis； and I was ordered to New Orleans。
I went down to New Orleans in a steamboat in the month of September； 1852； taking with me a clerk； and； on arrival； assumed the office； in a bank…building facing Lafayette Square； in which were the offices of all the army departments。 General D。 Twiggs was in command of the department； with Colonel W。 W。 S。 Bliss （son…in…law of General Taylor） as his adjutant…general。 Colonel A。 C。 Myers was quartermaster； Captain John F。 Reynolds aide…de…camp； and Colonel A。 J。 Coffee paymaster。 I took rooms at the St。 Louis Hotel； kept by a most excellent gentleman； Colonel Mudge。
Mr。 Perry Seawell came to me in person； soliciting a continuance of the custom which he had theretofore enjoyed； but I told him frankly that a change was necessary； and I never saw or heard of him afterward。 I simply purchased in open market； arranged for the proper packing of the stores； and had not the least difficulty in supplying the troops and satisfying the head of the department in Washington。
About Christmas； I had notice that my family； consisting of Mrs。 Sherman； two children； and nurse； with my sister Fanny （now Mrs。 Moulton； of Cincinnati； Ohio）； were en route for New Orleans by steam…packet； so I hired a house on Magazine Street； and furnished it。 Almost at the moment of their arrival； also came from St。 Louis my personal friend Major Turner； with a parcel of documents； which； on examination； proved to be articles of copartnership for a bank in California under the title of 〃Lucas； Turner & Co。；〃 in which ms name was embraced as a partner。 Major Turner was； at the time； actually en route for New York； to embark for San Francisco； to inaugurate the bank； in the nature of a branch of the firm already existing at St。 Louis under the name of 〃Lucas & Symonds。〃 We discussed the matter very fully； and he left with me the papers for reflection； and went on to New York and California。
Shortly after arrived James H。 Lucas； Esq。； the principal of the banking…firm in St： Louis； a most honorable and wealthy gentleman。 He further explained the full programme of the branch in California； that my name had been included at the insistance of Major Turner； who was a man of family and property in St。 Louis； unwilling to remain long in San Francisco； and who wanted me to succeed him there。 He offered me a very tempting income； with an interest that would accumulate and grow。 H