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tious than his fellow…pupils； and we feel that； in the darkness wherein he dwells； this work is； next to his meals； the only spark of light and interest in his existence。 He will certainly never rival Muhamed； for instance； who is the arithmetical prodigy； the Inaudi； of horses； but he is a valuable and living proof that the theory of unconscious and imperceptible signs； the only one which the German theorists have hitherto seriously considered； is now clearly untenable。
I have not yet spoken of Zarif。 He is not in the best of tempers； and besides； in arithmetic； he is only a less learned and more capricious Muhamed。 He answers most of the questions at random； stubbornly raising his foot and declining to lower it； so as clearly to mark his disapproval； but he solves the last problem correctly when he is promised a panful of carrots and no more lessons for that morning。 The groom enters to lead him away and makes some movement or other at which the horse starts； rears and shies。
〃That's his bad conscience；〃 says Krall； gravely。
And the expression assumes a singular meaning and importance in this hybrid atmosphere； steeped in an indefinable something from another world。
But it is half…past one； the sacred German dinner…hour。 The horses are taken back to their racks and the men separate； wishing one another the inevitable Mahlzeit。
As he walks with me along the quays of the black and muddy Wupper； Krall says：
〃It is a pity that you did not see Zarif in one of his better moods。 He is sometimes more startling than Muhamed and has given me two or three surprises that seem incredible。 One morning； for instance； I came to the stable and was preparing to give him his lesson in arithmetic。 He was no sooner in front of the spring…board than he began to stamp with his foot。 I left him alone and was astounded to hear a whole sentence； an absolutely human sentence； come letter by letter from his hoof： 'Albert has beaten Hanschen；' was what he said to me that day。 Another time； I wrote down from his dictation； 'Hanschen has bitten Kama。' Like a child seeing its father after an absence； he felt the need to inform me of the little doings of the stable； he provided me with the artless chronicle of a humble and uneventful life。〃
Krall； for that matter； living in the midst of his miracle； seems to think this quite natural and almost inevitable。 I； who have been immersed in it for only a few hours； accept it almost as calmly as he does。 I believe without hesitation what he tells me； and； in the presence of this phenomenon which； for the first time in man's existence； gives us a sentence that has not sprung from a human brain； I ask myself whither we are tending； where we stand and what lies ahead of us。。 。 。
14
After dinner； the experiments begin again； for my host is untiring。 First of all； pointing to me； he asks Muhamed if he remembers what his uncle's name is。 The horse raps out an H。 Krall is astonished and utters fatherly reprimands：
〃Come； take care！ You know it's not an H。〃
The horse raps out an E。 Krall becomes a little impatient： he threatens； he implores； he promises in turn； carrots and the direst punishments； such as sending for Albert； the groom； who； on special occasions； recalls idle and inattentive pupils to a sense of duty and decorum； for Krall himself never chastises his horses； lest he should lose their friendship or their confidence。 So he continues his reproaches：
〃Come now； are you going to be more careful and not rap out your letters anyhow？〃
Muhamed obstinately goes his own way and strikes an R。 Then Krall's open face lights up：
〃He's right；〃 he says。 〃You understand： H E R； standing for Herr。 He wanted to give you the title to which every man wearing a top hat or a bowler has the right。 He does it only very rarely and I had forgotten all about it。 He probably heard me call you Herr Maeterlinck and wanted to get it perfectly。 This special politeness and this excess of zeal augur a particularly good lesson。 You've done very well； Mohammed； my child； you've done very well and I beg your pardon。 Now kiss me and go on。〃
But Mohammed； after giving his master a hearty kiss； still seems to be hesitating。 Then Krall； to put him on the right track observes that the first letter of my name is the same as the first letter of his own。 Mohammed strikes a K； evidently thinking of his master's name。 At last； Krall draws a big M on the black…board； whereupon the horse； like one suddenly remembering a word which he could not think of； raps out； one after the other and without stopping； the letters M A Z R L K； which； stripped of useless vowels； represent the curious corruption which my name has undergone； since the morning； in a brain that is not a human brain。 He is told that this is not correct。 He seems to agree； gropes about a little and writes； M A R Z L E G K。 Krall repeats my name and asks which is the first letter to be altered。 The stallion marks an R。
〃Good； but what letter will you put instead？〃
Mohammed strikes an N。
〃No； do be careful！〃
He strikes a T。
〃Very good； but in what place will the T come？〃
〃In the third；〃 replies the horse； and the corrections continue until my patronomic comes out of its strange adventure almost unscathed。
And the spelling； the questioning； the sums； the problems are resumed and follow upon one another； as wonderful； as bewildering as before； but already a little dimmed by familiarity； like any other prolonged miracle。 It is important； besides； to notice that the instances which I have given are not to be classed among the most remarkable feats of our magic horses。 Today's is a good ordinary lesson； a respectable lesson； not illumined by flashes of genius。 But in the presence of other witnesses the horses performed more startling exploits which broke down even more decisively the barrier； which is undoubtedly an imaginary one； between animal and human nature。 One day； for instance； Zarif； the scamp of the party； suddenly stopped in the middle of his lesson。 They asked him the reason。
〃Because I am tired。〃
Another time； he answered：
〃Pain in my leg。〃
They recognize and identify pictures shown to them； distinguish colours and scents。 I have made a point of stating only what I saw with my own eyes and heard with my own ears； and I declare that I have done so with the same scrupulous accuracy as though I were reporting a criminal trial in which a man's life depended on my evidence。
But I was practically convinced of the truth of the incidents before going to Elberfeld； and it was not to check them that I made the journey。 I was anxious to make certain if the telepathic theory； which was the only one that I considered admissible； would withstand the tests which I intended to apply to it。 I opened my mind on the subject to Krall； who at first did not quite grasp what I was asking。 Like most men who have not made a special study of the questions； he imagined that telepathy meant above all a deliberate and conscious transmission of thought； and he assured me that he never made any effort to transmit his and that； for the most part； the horses gave a reply which was the exact opposite of what he was expecting。 I did not doubt this for a moment； in fact； direct and deliberate transmission of thought is； even among men； a very rare； difficult and uncertain； phenomenon； whereas involuntary； unpremeditated and unsuspected communications between one subconsciousness and another can no longer be denied except by those who of set purpose ignore studies and experiments that are within the reach of any one who will take the trouble to engage in them。 I was persuaded therefore that the horses acted exactly like the 〃tipping…tables〃 which simply translate the subliminal ideas of one or another of those present by the aid of conventional little taps。 When all is said； it is much less surprising to see a horse than a table lift its foot and much more natural that the living substance of an animal rather than the inert matter of a thing should be sensitive and susceptible to the mysterious influence of a medium。 I knew quite well that experiments had been made in order to eliminate this theory。 People； for instance； prepared a certain number of questions and put them in sealed envelopes。 Then； on entering the presence of the horse； they would take one of the envelopes at random； open it and write down the problem on the black…board； and Mohammed or Zarif would answer with the same facility and the same readiness as though the solution had been known to all the onlookers。 But was it really unknown to their subconsciousness？ Who could say for certain？ Tests of this kind require extraordinary precautions and a special dexterity； for the action of the subconsciousness is so subtle； takes such unexpected turns； delves in the museum of so many forgotten treasures and operates at such distances that one is never sure of escaping it。 Were those precautions taken？ I was not convinced that they were； and； without pretending to decide the question； I said to myself that my blissful ignorance of mathematics might perhaps be of service in shedding light upon some part of it。
For this ignorance； however deplorable from other points of view； gave me a rare advantag