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d and he was left in pitch darkness。 The next day； remembering the tales told by the two servants； he made enquiries in the village。 At first he could find out nothing； but finally an old lawyer told him that he had heard that the grandfather of the present owner of the house had strangled his wife and then cut his own throat on the very spot where Mr。 X。 Z。 had seen the apparition。 He was unable to give the exact date of this double event； but Mr。 X。 Z。 consulted the parish register and found that it had taken place on a 22nd of September。
On the 22nd of September of the following year； a friend of Mr。 G's arrived to make a short stay。 The morning after his arrival； he came down； pale and tired； and announced his intention of leaving immediately。 On being questioned； he confessed that he was afraid； that he had been kept awake all night by the sound of groans； blasphemous oaths and cries of despair； that his bedroom door had been opened； and so forth。
Three years afterwards； Mr。 X。 Z。 had occasion to call on the landlord of the house； who lived in London； and saw over the mantelpiece a picture which bore a striking resemblance to the figure which he had seen in the passage。 He pointed it out to his friend Mr。 G； saying：
〃That is the man whom I saw。〃
The landlord； in reply to their questions； said that the painting was a portrait of his grandfather； adding that he had been 〃no credit to the family。〃
Evidently； this does not in any way prove the existence of ghosts or the survival of man。 It is quite possible that； in spite of Mr。 X。 Z。's undoubted good faith； imagination played a subtle but powerful part in these marvels。 Perhaps it was set going by the stories of the two servants； insignificant gossip to which no attention was paid at the time； but which probably found its way down into the weird and fertile depths of the subconsciousness。 The image was next transmitted by suggestion to the visitor frightened by a sleepless night。 As for the recognition of the portrait； this is either the weakest or the most impressive part of the story； according to the theory that is being defended。
It is none the less certain that there is some unfairness in suggesting this explanation for every incident of the kind。 It means stretching to the uttermost and perhaps stretching too far the elastic powers of that amiable maid…of…all…work； telepathy。 For that matter； there are cases in which the telepathic interpretation is even more uncertain； as in that described by Miss R。 C。 Morton in vol。 viii。 of the Proceedings。
The story is too long and complicated to be reproduced here。 It is unnecessary to observe that； in view of the character of Miss Morton； a lady of scientific training； and of the quality of the corroborative testimony； the facts themselves seem incontestable。
The case is that of a house built in 1860； whose first occupier was an Anglo…Indian； the next tenant being an old man and the house then remaining unlet for four years。 In 1882； when Captain Morton and big family moved in； there had never； so far as they knew； been any question of its being haunted。 Three months afterwards； Miss Morton was in her room and on the point of getting into bed； when she heard some one at the door and went to it； thinking that it might be her mother。 On opening the door； she found no one there； but； going a few steps along the passage； she saw a tall lady； dressed in black； standing at the head of the stair。 She did not wish to make the others uneasy and mentioned the occurrence to no one except a friend； who did not live in the neighborhood。
But soon the same figure dressed in black was seen by the various members of the household； by a married sister on a visit to the house； by the father； by the other sister； by a little boy； by a neighbour； General A； who saw a lady crying in the orchard and； thinking that one of the daughters of the house was ill； sent to enquire after her。 Even the Mortons' two dogs on more than one occasion clearly showed that they saw the phantom。
It was； as a matter of fact very harmonious： it said nothing； it wanted nothing； it wandered from room to room； without any apparent object； and； when it was spoken to； it did not answer and only made its escape。 The household became accustomed to the apparition； it troubled nobody and inspired no terror。 It was immaterial； it could not be touched； but yet it intercepted the light。 After making enquiries； they succeeded in identifying it as the second wife of the Anglo…Indian。 The Morton family had never seen the lady； but； from the description which they gave of the phantom to those who had known her； it appeared that the likeness was unmistakable。 For the rest； they did not know why she came back to haunt a house in which she had not died。 After 1887； the appearances became less frequent； distinct； ceasing altogether in 1889。
5
Let us assume that the facts as reported in the Proceedings are certain and indisputable。 We have very nearly the ideal case； free from previous or ambient suggestion。 If we refuse to believe in the existence of ghosts； if we are absolutely positive that the dead do not survive their death； then we must admit that the hallucination took birth spontaneously in the imagination of Miss Morton； an unconscious medium； and was subsequently trained by telepathy to all those around her。 In my opinion； this explanation； however arbitrary and severe it may be； is the one which it behooves us to accept； pending further proofs。 But it must be confessed that； in thus extending our incredulity； we render it very difficult for the dead to make its existence known。
We possess a certain number of cases of kind； rigorously investigated； cases probably representing but an infinitesimal part of those which might be collected。 Is it possible that they one and all elude the telepathic explanation？ It would be necessary to make a study of them； conducted with the most scrupulous and unremitting attention； for the question is not devoid of interest。 If the existence of ghosts were well…established； it would mean the entrance into this world； which we believe to be our world； of a new force that would explain more than one thing which we are still far from understanding。 If the dead interfere at one point； there is a reason why they should not interfere at every other point。 We should no longer be alone； among ourselves； in our hermetically…closed sphere； as we are perhaps only too ready to imagine it。 We should have to alter more than one of our physical and moral laws； more than one of our ideas； and it would no doubt be the most important and the most extraordinary revelation that would be expected in the present state of our knowledge and since the disappearance of the old positive religions。 But we are not there yet： the proof of all this is still in the nursery…stage； and I do not know if it will ever get beyond that。 Nevertheless the fact remains that； in these impenetrable regions of mystery which we are now exploring； the one weak spot lies here； the one wall in which there seems to be a chinka strange one enoughgiving a glimpse into the other world。 It is narrow and vague and behind it there is still darkness； but it is not without significance and we shall do well not to lose sight of it。
6
Let us observe that this survival of the dead； as the neospiritualists conceive it； seems much less improbable since we have been studying more closely the manifestations of the extraordinary and incontestable spiritual force that lies hidden within ourselves。 It is not dependent in our thought； nor on our consciousness； nor on our will； and very possibly it is not dependent either on our life。 While we are still breathing on this earth it is already surmounting most of the great obstacles that limit and paralyse our existence。 It acts at a distance and so to speak without organs。 It passes through matter； disaggregates it and reconstitutes it。 It seems to possess； the gift of ubiquity。 It is not subject to the laws of gravity and lifts weights out of all proportion with the real and measurable strength of the body whence it is believed to emanate。 It releases and removes itself from that body； it comes and goes freely and takes to itself substances and shapes which it borrows all around it； and therefore it is no longer so strange to see it surviving for a time that body to which it does not appear to be as indissolubly bound as is our conscious existence。 Is it necessary to add that this survival of a part of ourselves which we hardly know and which besides seems incomplete； incoherent and ephemeral is wholly without prejudice to nor fate in the eternity of the worlds？ But this is a question which we are not called upon to study here。
I shall perhaps be asked：
〃If it is becoming increasingly difficult for all these factsand there are more of them accumulating every dayto be embraced in the telepathic or psychometric theory； why not frankly accept the spiritualistic explanation； which is the simplest； which has an answer for everything and which is gradually encroaching on all the others？〃
That is true： it is the simplest theory； perhaps too simple； and； like the religious theory； it dispenses as from all effort or seeking。 We have nothing