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the church of Stratford…upon…Avon。 How can the profession
generally hope to qualify for the Drury Lane or Covent Garden
institution； when the oldest and most distinguished members have
been driven from the boards on which they have earned their
reputations； to delight the town in theatres to which the General
Theatrical Fund alone extended？
I will again repeat that I attach no reproach to those other Funds；
with which I have had the honour of being connected at different
periods of my life。 At the time those Associations were
established； an engagement at one of those theatres was almost a
matter of course； and a successful engagement would last a whole
life； but an engagement of two months' duration at Covent Garden
would be a perfect Old Parr of an engagement just now。 It should
never be forgotten that when those two funds were established； the
two great theatres were protected by patent； and that at that time
the minor theatres were condemned by law to the representation of
the most preposterous nonsense； and some gentlemen whom I see
around me could no more belong to the minor theatres of that day
than they could now belong to St。 Bartholomew fair。
As I honour the two old funds for the great good which they have
done； so I honour this for the much greater good it is resolved to
do。 It is not because I love them less； but because I love this
more … because it includes more in its operation。
Let us ever remember that there is no class of actors who stand so
much in need of a retiring fund as those who do not win the great
prizes； but who are nevertheless an essential part of the
theatrical system； and by consequence bear a part in contributing
to our pleasures。 We owe them a debt which we ought to pay。 The
beds of such men are not of roses； but of very artificial flowers
indeed。 Their lives are lives of care and privation； and hard
struggles with very stern realities。 It is from among the poor
actors who drink wine from goblets； in colour marvellously like
toast and water； and who preside at Barmecide beasts with wonderful
appetites for steaks； … it is from their ranks that the most
triumphant favourites have sprung。 And surely； besides this； the
greater the instruction and delight we derive from the rich English
drama； the more we are bound to succour and protect the humblest of
those votaries of the art who add to our instruction and amusement。
Hazlitt has well said that 〃There is no class of society whom so
many persons regard with affection as actors。 We greet them on the
stage； we like to meet them in the streets； they almost always
recal to us pleasant associations。〃 When they have strutted and
fretted their hour upon the stage； let them not be heard no more …
but let them be heard sometimes to say that they are happy in their
old age。 When they have passed for the last time from behind that
glittering row of lights with which we are all familiar； let them
not pass away into gloom and darkness； … but let them pass into
cheerfulness and light … into a contented and happy home。
This is the object for which we have met； and I am too familiar
with the English character not to know that it will be effected。
When we come suddenly in a crowded street upon the careworn
features of a familiar face … crossing us like the ghost of
pleasant hours long forgotten … let us not recal those features
with pain； in sad remembrance of what they once were； but let us in
joy recognise it； and go back a pace or two to meet it once again；
as that of a friend who has beguiled us of a moment of care； who
has taught us to sympathize with virtuous grief； cheating us to
tears for sorrows not our own … and we all know how pleasant are
such tears。 Let such a face be ever remembered as that of our
benefactor and our friend。
I tried to recollect； in coming here； whether I had ever been in
any theatre in my life from which I had not brought away some
pleasant association； however poor the theatre； and I protest； out
of my varied experience； I could not remember even one from which I
had not brought some favourable impression； and that； commencing
with the period when I believed the clown was a being born into the
world with infinite pockets； and ending with that in which I saw
the other night； outside one of the 〃Royal Saloons；〃 a playbill
which showed me ships completely rigged； carrying men； and
careering over boundless and tempestuous oceans。 And now；
bespeaking your kindest remembrance of our theatres and actors； I
beg to propose that you drink as heartily and freely as ever a
toast was drunk in this toast…drinking city 〃Prosperity to the
General Theatrical Fund。〃
SPEECH： LEEDS； DECEMBER 1； 1847。
＇On the above evening a Soiree of the Leeds Mechanics' Institution
took place； at which about 1200 persons were present。 The chair
was taken by Mr。 Dickens； who thus addressed the meeting：＇
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN； … Believe me； speaking to you with a most
disastrous cold； which makes my own voice sound very strangely in
my ears … that if I were not gratified and honoured beyond
expression by your cordial welcome； I should have considered the
invitation to occupy my present position in this brilliant
assemblage in itself a distinction not easy to be surpassed。 The
cause in which we are assembled and the objects we are met to
promote； I take； and always have taken to be； THE cause and THE
objects involving almost all others that are essential to the
welfare and happiness of mankind。 And in a celebration like the
present； commemorating the birth and progress of a great
educational establishment； I recognise a something； not limited to
the spectacle of the moment； beautiful and radiant though it be …
not limited even to the success of the particular establishment in
which we are more immediately interested … but extending from this
place and through swarms of toiling men elsewhere； cheering and
stimulating them in the onward； upward path that lies before us
all。 Wherever hammers beat； or wherever factory chimneys smoke；
wherever hands are busy； or the clanking of machinery resounds …
wherever； in a word； there are masses of industrious human beings
whom their wise Creator did not see fit to constitute all body； but
into each and every one of whom He breathed a mind … there； I would
fain believe； some touch of sympathy and encouragement is felt from
our collective pulse now beating in this Hall。
Ladies and gentlemen； glancing with such feelings at the report of
your Institution for the present year sent to me by your respected
President … whom I cannot help feeling it； by…the…bye； a kind of
crime to depose； even thus peacefully； and for so short a time … I
say； glancing over this report； I found one statement of fact in
the very opening which gave me an uncommon satisfaction。 It is；
that a great number of the members and subscribers are among that
class of persons for whose advantage Mechanics' Institutions were
originated； namely； persons receiving weekly wages。 This
circumstance gives me the greatest delight。 I am sure that no
better testimony could be borne to the merits and usefulness of
this Institution； and that no better guarantee could be given for
its continued prosperity and advancement。
To such Associations as this； in their darker hours； there may yet
reappear now and then the spectral shadow of a certain dead and
buried opposition； but before the light of a steady trust in them
on the part of the general people； bearing testimony to the
virtuous influences of such Institutions by their own intelligence
and conduct； the ghost will melt away like early vapour from the
ground。 Fear of such Institutions as these！ We have heard people
sometimes speak with jealousy of them； … with distrust of them！
Imagine here； on either hand； two great towns like Leeds； full of
busy men； all of them feeling necessarily； and some of them
heavily； the burdens and inequalities inseparable from civilized
society。 In this town there is ignorance； dense and dark； in that
town； education … the best of education； that which the grown man
from day to day and year to year furnishes for himself and
maintains for himself； and in right of which his education goes on
all his life； instead of leaving off； complacently； just when he
begins to live in the social system。 Now； which of these two towns
has a good man； or a good cause； reason to distrust and dread？
〃The educated one；〃 does some timid politician； with a marvellously
weak sight； say （as I have heard such politicians say）； 〃because
knowledge is power； and because it won't do to have too much power
abroad。〃 Why； ladies and gentlemen； reflect whether ignorance be
not power； and a very dreadful power。 Look where we will； do we
not find it powerful for every kind of wrong and evil？ Powerful to
take its enemies to its heart； and strike its best f