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own； and adorned and crowned his rods with fresh laurels。 This was
thought ominous； and looked as if Pompey came to take away the
reward and honour of Lucullus's victories。 Lucullus had the priority
in the order of consulships； and also in age； but Pompey's two
triumphs made him the greater man。 Their first addresses in this
interview were dignified and friendly； each magnifying the other's
actions； and offering congratulations upon his success。 But when
they came to the matter of their conference or treaty； they could
agree on no fair or equitable terms of any kind； but even came to
harsh words against each other； Pompey upbraiding Lucullus with
avarice； and Lucullus retorting ambition upon Pompey； so that their
friends could hardly part them。 Lucullus remaining in Galatia； made
a distribution of the lands within his conquests； and gave presents to
whom he pleased； and Pompey encamping not far distant from him； sent
out his prohibitions； forbidding the execution of any of the orders of
Lucullus； and commanded away all his soldiers； except sixteen hundred；
whom he thought likely to be unserviceable to himself； being
disorderly and mutinous； and whom he knew to be hostile to Lucullus；
and to these acts he added satirical speeches； detracting openly
from the glory of his actions； and giving out that the battles of
Lucullus had been but with the mere stage…shows and idle pictures of
royal pomp； whereas the real war against a genuine army； disciplined
by defeat； was reserved to him； Mithridates having now begun to be
in earnest； and having betaken himself to his shields； swords； and
horses。 Lucullus； on the other side； to be even with him； replied；
that Pompey came to fight with the mere image and shadow of war； it
being his usual practice； like a lazy bird of prey； to come upon the
carcass when others had slain the dead； and to tear in pieces the
relics of a war。
Thus he had appropriated to himself the victories over Sertorius；
over Lepidus； and over the insurgents under Spartacus； whereas this
last had been achieved by Crassus； that obtained by Catulus； and the
first won by Metellus。 And therefore it was no great wonder that the
glory of the Pontic and Armenian war should be usurped by a man who
had condescended to any artifices to work himself into the honour of a
triumph over a few runaway slaves。
After this Lucullus went away； and Pompey having placed his whole
navy in guard upon the seas betwixt Phoenicia and Bosphorus； himself
marched against Mithridates； who had a phalanx of thirty thousand
foot； with two thousand horse； yet durst not bid him battle。 He had
encamped upon a strong mountain where it would have been hard to
attack him； but abandoned it in no long time as destitute of water。 No
sooner was be gone but Pompey occupied it； and observing the plants
that were thriving there； together with the hollows which he found
in several places； conjectured that such a plot could not be without
springs； and therefore ordered his men to sink wells in every
corner。 After which there was； in a little time； great plenty of water
throughout all the camp； insomuch that he wondered how it was possible
for Mithridates to be ignorant of this； during all that time of his
encampment there。 After this Pompey followed him to his next camp； and
there drawing lines round about him； shut him in。 But he； after having
endured a siege of forty…five days； made his escape secretly； and fled
away with all the best part of his army； having first put to death all
the sick and unserviceable。 Not long after Pompey overtook him again
near the banks of the river Euphrates； and encamped close by him；
but fearing lest he should pass over the river and give him the slip
there too； he drew up his army to attack him at midnight。 And at
that very time Mithridates； it is said； saw a vision in his dream
foreshowing what should come to pass。 For he seemed to be under sail
in the Euxine Sea with a prosperous gale； and just in view of
Bosphorus； discoursing pleasantly with the ship's company； as one
overjoyed for his past danger and present security； when on a sudden
he found himself deserted of all； and floating upon a broken plank
of the ship at the mercy of the sea。 Whilst he was thus labouring
under these passions and phantasms； his friends came and awaked him
with the news of Pompey's approach； who was now indeed so near at hand
that the fight must be for the camp itself； and the commanders
accordingly drew up the forces in battle array。
Pompey perceiving how ready they were and well prepared for
defence began to doubt with himself whether he should put it to the
hazard of a fight in the dark； judging it more prudent to encompass
them only at present； lest they should fly； and to give them battle
with the advantage of numbers the next day。 But his oldest officers
were of another opinion； and by entreaties and encouragements obtained
permission that they might charge them immediately。 Neither was the
night so very dark； but that； though the moon was going down； it yet
gave light enough to discern a body； and indeed this was one
especial disadvantage to the king's army。 For the Romans coming upon
them with the moon on their backs； the moon； being very low； and
just upon setting； cast the shadows a long way before their bodies；
reaching almost to the enemy； whose eyes were thus so much deceived
that not exactly discerning the distance； but imagining them to be
near at hand； they threw their darts at the shadows without the
least execution。 The Romans therefore； perceiving this； ran in upon
them with a great shout； but the barbarians； all in a panic； unable to
endure the charge； turned and fled； and were put to great slaughter；
above ten thousand being slain； the camp also was taken。 As for
Mithridates himself； he at the beginning of the onset； with a body
of eight hundred horse； charged through the Roman army； and made his
escape。 But before long all the rest dispersed； some one way； some
another； and he was left only with three persons； among whom was his
concubine； Hypsicratia； a girl always of a manly and daring spirit；
and the king called her on that account Hypsicrates。 She being attired
and mounted like a Persian horseman； accompanied the king in all his
flight； never weary even in the longest journey； nor ever failing to
attend the king in person； and look after his horse too； until they
came to Inora； a castle of the king's well stored with gold and
treasure。 From thence Mithridates took his richest apparel； and gave
it among those that had resorted to him in their flight； and so to
every one of his friends he gave a deadly poison； that they might
not fall into the power of the enemy against their wills。 From
thence he designed to have gone to Tigranes in Armenia； but being
prohibited by Tigranes； who put out a proclamation with a reward of
one hundred talents to any one that should apprehend him； he passed by
the headwaters of the river Euphrates and fled through the country
of Colchis。
Pompey in the meantime made an invasion into Armenia upon the
invitation of young Tigranes； who was now in rebellion against his
father； and gave Pompey a meeting about the river Araxes； which
rises near the head of Euphrates； but turning its course and bending
towards the east； falls into the Caspian Sea。 They two； therefore；
marched together through the country； taking in all the cities by
the way； and receiving their submission。 But King Tigranes； having
lately suffered much in the war with Lucullus； and understanding
that Pompey was of a kind and gentle disposition； admitted Roman
troops into his royal palaces； and taking along with him his friends
and relations； went in person to surrender himself into the hands of
Pompey。 He came as far as the trenches on horseback； but there he
was met by two of Pompey's lictors； who commanded him to alight and
walk on foot； for no man ever was seen on horseback within a Roman
camp。 Tigranes submitted to this immediately； and not only so； but
loosing his sword； delivered up that too； and last of all； as soon
as he appeared before Pompey； he pulled off his royal turban； and
attempted to have laid it at his feet。 Nay； worst of all； even he
himself had fallen prostrate as an humble suppliant at his knees had
not Pompey prevented it； taking him by the hand and placing him near
him； Tigranes himself on one side of him and his son upon the other。
Pompey now told him that the rest of his losses were chargeable upon
Lucullus； by whom he had been dispossessed of Syria； Phoenicia；
Cilicia； Galatia； and Sophene； but all that he had preserved to
himself entire till that time he should peaceably enjoy； paying the
sum of six thousand talents as a fine or penalty for injuries done
to the Romans； and that his son should have the kingdom of Sophene。
Tigranes himself was well pleased with these conditions of peace；
and when the Romans saluted him king； seemed to be overjoyed； and
promised to every common soldier half a mina of silver； to every
centurion ten minas； and to every tribune a talent； but the son was
displeased； insomuch that when he was invited to supper he replied；
that he did not stand in need of Pompey f