ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡ÔĶÁ¹ý³Ì·¢ÏÖÈκδíÎóÇë¸æËßÎÒÃÇ£¬Ð»Ð»£¡£¡ ±¨¸æ´íÎó
¾ÅÉ«Êé¼® ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ½øÈëÊé°É ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©

north american species of cactus(±±ÃÀÏÉÈËÕÆ)-µÚ12ÕÂ

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡





¡­¡¡Page¡¡39¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡North¡¡American¡¡Species¡¡of¡¡Cactus¡¡



scolymoides¡¡sulcatus£»¡¡and¡¡M¡£¡¡strobiliformis¡¡Engelm¡£¡¡is¡¡C¡£¡¡conoideus¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡57¡£¡¡Cactus¡¡viviparusNutt¡£¡¡in¡¡Fraser's¡¡Cat¡£¡¡£¨1813£©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mamillaria¡¡viviparaHaw¡£¡¡Syn¡£¡¡Succ¡£¡¡Suppl¡£¡¡72¡¡£¨1819£©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Low¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡depressed¡­globose£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡usually¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡proliferous¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡cespitose¡¡

£¨forming¡¡large¡¡masses£©£»¡¡but¡¡sometimes¡¡simple£º¡¡tubercles¡¡terete¡¡and¡¡loose£»¡¡

lightly¡¡grooved£º¡¡radial¡¡spines¡¡12¡¡to¡¡20£»¡¡stiff¡¡and¡¡white£»¡¡often¡¡dark¡­tipped£»¡¡6¡¡

to¡¡8¡¡mm¡£¡¡long£»¡¡central¡¡spines¡¡usually¡¡4¡¡£¨sometimes¡¡less£»¡¡often¡¡more£»¡¡even¡¡

as¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡8£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡brownish£»¡¡¡¡¡¡8¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡12¡¡¡¡¡¡mm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡long£»¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡¡¡spreading¡¡¡¡¡¡upwards£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

lowest¡¡stouter¡¡and¡¡shorter¡¡and¡¡deflexed£º¡¡flowers¡¡about¡¡3¡£5¡¡cm¡£¡¡long¡¡£¨large¡¡

for¡¡the¡¡size¡¡of¡¡the¡¡plant£©¡¡and¡¡even¡¡broader¡¡when¡¡expanded£»¡¡bright¡¡purple£º¡¡

stigmas¡¡pointed¡¡with¡¡a¡¡short¡¡mucro£º¡¡fruit¡¡oval£»¡¡pale¡¡green£»¡¡juicy£»¡¡12¡¡to¡¡18¡¡

mm¡£¡¡long£º¡¡seeds¡¡yellowish¡­brown£»¡¡obliquely¡¡obovate¡¡and¡¡curved¡¡about¡¡the¡¡

small¡¡¡¡¡¡hilum£»¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡£4¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡£6¡¡¡¡¡¡mm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡long£©¡££¨Ill¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Cact¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Mex¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Bound¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡t¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡74¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡fig¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡3£»¡¡

seeds£©Type¡¡unknown¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡On¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡northwestern¡¡¡¡¡¡plains£»¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡boundary¡¡¡¡¡¡provinces¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡British¡¡

America¡¡£¨western¡¡Manitoba£»¡¡Assiniboia¡¡and¡¡Alberta£©£»¡¡and¡¡throughout¡¡the¡¡

Upper¡¡Missouri¡¡¡¡¡¡region£»¡¡¡¡¡¡southward¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡western¡¡¡¡¡¡Nebraska¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡western¡¡

Kansas¡¡and¡¡to¡¡the¡¡eastern¡¡foothills¡¡of¡¡central¡¡Colorado¡£It¡¡is¡¡also¡¡mentioned¡¡

by¡¡¡¡Howell¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Cat¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Oregon£»¡¡Washington¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Idaho¡¡¡¡¡¡plants£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡occurring¡¡

beyond¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Rocky¡¡¡¡¡¡Mountain¡¡¡¡¡¡divide¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Idaho¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Washington£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡

probable£»¡¡but¡¡no¡¡specimens¡¡have¡¡been¡¡seen¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Specimens¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡examined£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Montana¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Hayden£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡nos¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡1854£»¡¡¡¡¡¡1855£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Vernon¡¡

Bailey¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1890£»¡¡¡¡¡¡near¡¡¡¡¡¡Bridger£©£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Colorado¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Hayden¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1869£©£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Nebraska¡¡

£¨Rydberg¡¡¡¡¡¡1379¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1893£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Thomas¡¡¡¡¡¡Co¡££©£º¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡¡¡¡¡specimens¡¡¡¡¡¡cultivated¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡St¡£¡¡

Louis¡¡in¡¡1869£»¡¡also¡¡growing¡¡in¡¡Mo¡£¡¡Bot¡£¡¡Gard¡£¡¡1893¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡seems¡¡best¡¡to¡¡keep¡¡this¡¡northwestern¡¡form¡¡specifically¡¡separate¡¡from¡¡

that¡¡large¡¡assemblage¡¡of¡¡southern¡¡forms¡¡that¡¡have¡¡been¡¡commonly¡¡referred¡¡

to¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡£The¡¡¡¡¡¡forms¡¡¡¡¡¡referred¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡species¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡western¡¡¡¡¡¡Kansas¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Smyth's¡¡

check¡¡list£©¡¡have¡¡not¡¡been¡¡examined£»¡¡and¡¡they¡¡may¡¡represent¡¡intermediate¡¡

forms£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡inclining¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡simple¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡habit¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡ovate¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡form£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Colorado¡¡

forms¡£The¡¡southern¡¡type¡¡£¨C¡£¡¡radiosus£©¡¡is¡¡distinguished¡¡from¡¡C¡£¡¡viviparus¡¡

not¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡different¡¡¡¡¡¡range£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡ovate¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡cylindrical¡¡

form£»¡¡simple¡¡habit£»¡¡more¡¡numerous¡¡£¨12¡¡to¡¡40£©¡¡and¡¡longer¡¡£¨6¡¡to¡¡22¡¡mm¡££©¡¡

radial¡¡spines£»¡¡usually¡¡more¡¡numerous¡¡£¨3¡¡to¡¡14£©¡¡central¡¡spines¡¡in¡¡which¡¡the¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡39¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡40¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡North¡¡American¡¡Species¡¡of¡¡Cactus¡¡



upper¡¡are¡¡more¡¡robust¡¡than¡¡the¡¡lower£»¡¡porrect¡¡lower¡¡central£»¡¡obtuse¡¡stigmas£»¡¡

and¡¡brown¡¡obovate¡¡straight¡¡seeds¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡58¡£¡¡Cactus¡¡radiosus¡¡£¨Engelm¡££©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mamillaria¡¡¡¡¡¡viviparaEngelm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Pl¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Fendl¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡49¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨1849£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡Haw¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨1819£©¡£¡¡

Mamillaria¡¡¡¡¡¡radiosaEngelm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Pl¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Lindh¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡196¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨1850£©¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Mamillaria¡¡¡¡¡¡vivipara¡¡

radiosa¡¡texanaEngelm¡£¡¡Syn¡£¡¡Cact¡£¡¡269¡¡£¨1856£©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ovate¡¡or¡¡cylindrical£»¡¡5¡¡to¡¡12¡£5¡¡cm¡£¡¡high¡¡and¡¡about¡¡5¡¡cm¡£¡¡in¡¡diameter£»¡¡

simple¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡sparingly¡¡¡¡¡¡proliferous£º¡¡¡¡¡¡tubercles¡¡¡¡¡¡terete£»¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡less¡¡¡¡¡¡grooved¡¡

above£»¡¡8¡¡to¡¡12¡¡mm¡£¡¡long£º¡¡radial¡¡spines¡¡20¡¡to¡¡30£»¡¡straight£»¡¡slender£»¡¡with¡¡with¡¡

dusky¡¡apex£»¡¡very¡¡unequal£»¡¡6¡¡to¡¡8¡¡mm¡¡long£»¡¡central¡¡spines¡¡4¡¡or¡¡5£»¡¡stouter£»¡¡

yellowish¡¡or¡¡tawny£»¡¡8¡¡to¡¡12¡¡mm¡£¡¡long£»¡¡the¡¡upper¡¡ones¡¡the¡¡longer¡¡and¡¡more¡¡

robust£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡lowest¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡shorter¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡porrect£º¡¡¡¡¡¡flowers¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡£5¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡5¡£5¡¡¡¡¡¡cm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡long£»¡¡

about¡¡the¡¡same¡¡diameter¡¡when¡¡fully¡¡open£»¡¡violet¡¡to¡¡dark¡¡purple£º¡¡stigmas¡¡7¡¡

to¡¡¡¡¡¡9£»¡¡¡¡¡¡obtuse£º¡¡¡¡¡¡fruit¡¡¡¡¡¡oval¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡green£º¡¡¡¡¡¡seeds¡¡¡¡¡¡yellowish¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡brown£»¡¡¡¡¡¡obovate£»¡¡

pitted£»¡¡fully¡¡2¡¡¡¡¡¡mm£»¡¡long¡££¨Ill¡£¡¡Cact¡£¡¡Mex¡£¡¡Bound¡£¡¡t¡£¡¡74£»¡¡fig¡£5£»¡¡seeds£©Type£»¡¡

Lindheimer¡¡of¡¡1846¡¡in¡¡Herb¡£¡¡Mo¡£¡¡Bot¡£¡¡Gard¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Extending¡¡¡¡¡¡across¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡southern¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Texas£»¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Guadalupe¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡El¡¡¡¡¡¡Paso¡£¡¡

thence¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡contiguous¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡New¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mexico¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡across¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Rio¡¡¡¡¡¡Grande¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡near¡¡

Juarez¡¡£¨northern¡¡Chihuahua£©¡£Fl¡£¡¡May¡­June¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Specimens¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡examined£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Texas¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Lindheimer¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡1846£©£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡New¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mexico¡¡

£¨Bigelow¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1855£©£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Chihuahua£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡near¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Juarez¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Evans¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1891£©£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡

specimens¡¡cultivated¡¡from¡¡the¡¡type¡¡in¡¡St¡£¡¡Louis¡¡in¡¡1846¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Attention¡¡¡¡¡¡has¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡called¡¡¡¡¡¡under¡¡¡¡¡¡C¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡viviparus¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡characters¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡

distinguish¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡C¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡radiosusThe¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡characters¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡given¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡latter¡¡

species¡¡¡¡¡¡apply¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡group¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡included¡¡¡¡¡¡forms¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡type¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

species¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡var¡£¡¡¡¡Texana¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Engelmann's¡¡¡¡¡¡Syn¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Cact¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Mex¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Bound¡££»¡¡

which¡¡is¡¡characterized¡¡in¡¡the¡¡above¡£¡¡description¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡59¡£¡¡Cactus¡¡radiosus¡¡neo¡­mexicanus£¨Engelm¡££©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mamillaria¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡vivipara¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡radiosa¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡neo¡­mexicanaEngelm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Syn¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Cact¡£269¡¡

£¨1856£©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Generally¡¡lower¡¡£¨3¡£5¡¡to¡¡10¡¡cm¡££©¡¡and¡¡subglobose¡¡to¡¡ovate¡¡or¡¡even¡¡sub¡­¡¡

cylindrical£»¡¡branching¡¡at¡¡base¡¡or¡¡simple£»¡¡with¡¡more¡¡numerous¡¡£¨12¡¡to¡¡40£©¡¡

radial¡¡spines£»¡¡more¡¡numerous¡¡£¨3¡¡to¡¡12£©¡¡and¡¡purplish¡¡centrals£»¡¡and¡¡smaller¡¡

seeds¡££¨Ill¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Cact¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Mex¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Bound¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡t¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡74¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡fig¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡4£»¡¡¡¡¡¡seeds£©Type£»¡¡¡¡¡¡presumably¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡40¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡41¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡North¡¡American¡¡Species¡¡of¡¡Cactus¡¡



Wright£»¡¡Bigelow£»¡¡and¡¡Schott¡¡specimens¡¡from¡¡western¡¡Texas£»¡¡New¡¡Mexico£»¡¡

and¡¡Sonora£»¡¡all¡¡in¡¡Herb¡£¡¡Mo¡£¡¡Bot¡£¡¡Gard¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡From¡¡southern¡¡Utah£»¡¡central¡¡Colorado£»¡¡and¡¡western¡¡Kansas£»¡¡southward¡¡

through¡¡¡¡¡¡western¡¡¡¡¡¡Texas£»¡¡¡¡¡¡New¡¡¡¡¡¡Mexico¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Arizona¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡Chihuahua¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

Sonora¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Specimens¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡examined£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Kansas¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Carleton¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡530¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡1891£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡Meade¡¡

County£©£º¡¡Oklahoma¡¡£¨Carleton¡¡233¡¡of¡¡1891£©£º¡¡Colorado¡¡£¨Hall¡¡and¡¡Harbour¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡1862£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Brandegee¡¡¡¡645¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡1873£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Hicks¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡1890£©£º¡¡¡¡¡¡Utah¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Siler¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1870£©£º¡¡

New¡¡Mexico¡¡£¨Wislizenus¡¡of¡¡1846£»¡¡Fendler¡¡244£»¡¡271£»¡¡of¡¡1847£º¡¡Wright¡¡298£»¡¡

Bigelow¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1853£»¡¡¡¡¡¡G¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡R¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Vasey¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1881£©£º¡¡¡¡¡¡Texas¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Wright¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1849£»¡¡¡¡¡¡1851£»¡¡

1852£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Bigelow¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1853£©£º¡¡¡¡¡¡Arizona¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Rothrock£»¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡number¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡date£©£º¡¡

Sonora¡¡£¨Schott¡¡of¡¡1855£©£º¡¡Chihuahua¡¡£¨Evans¡¡of¡¡1891£»¡¡near¡¡Juarez£©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡through¡¡this¡¡variety¡¡that¡¡C¡£¡¡radiosus¡¡approaches¡¡most¡¡nearly¡¡to¡¡C¡£¡¡

viviparus£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡forms¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡few¡¡¡¡¡¡radials¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡centrals£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡specific¡¡

characters¡¡¡¡¡¡seem¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡hold¡£This¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Mamillaria¡¡¡¡¡¡vivipara¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Syn¡¡¡¡¡¡Fl¡£¡¡

Colorado¡¡£¨Porter¡¡and¡¡Coulter£©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡60¡£¡¡Cactus¡¡radiosus¡¡arizonicus£¨Engelm¡££©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mamillaria¡¡arizonicaEngelm¡¡Bot¡£¡¡Calif¡£¡¡i¡£¡¡244¡¡£¨1876£©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡robust¡¡¡¡¡¡globose¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡ovate¡¡¡¡¡¡simple¡¡¡¡¡¡form¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨7¡£5¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡10¡¡¡¡¡¡cm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡diameter£©£»¡¡

with¡¡long¡¡£¨12¡¡to¡¡25¡¡mm¡££©¡¡deeply¡­grooved¡¡tubercles£»¡¡15¡¡to¡¡20¡¡long¡¡£¨10¡¡to¡¡

30¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡mm¡££©¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡rigid¡¡¡¡whitish¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡radial¡¡¡¡spines£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡6¡¡¡¡centrals¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡deep¡¡¡¡¡¡brown¡¡

above¡£Type£»¡¡the¡¡specimens¡¡of¡¡Cous£»¡¡Palmer£»¡¡Bischoff¡¡and¡¡Johnson£»¡¡all¡¡in¡¡

Herb¡£¡¡Mo¡£¡¡Bot¡£¡¡Gard¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sandy¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡rocky¡¡¡¡¡¡soil¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡southern¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Utah¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡northern¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

western¡¡Arizona¡¡to¡¡southern¡¡California¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Specimens¡¡examined£º¡¡Arizona¡¡£¨Cous¡¡of¡¡1865£»¡¡Cous¡¡&¡¡Palmer¡¡of¡¡1865¡¡

and¡¡1872£»¡¡Palmer¡¡of¡¡1869£»¡¡Bischoff¡¡of¡¡1871£»¡¡Miller¡¡of¡¡1881£»¡¡Rusby¡¡617¡¡of¡¡

1853£»¡¡Pringle¡¡of¡¡1884£©£º¡¡Utah¡¡£¨Johnson¡¡of¡¡1871£»¡¡1872£»¡¡1874£»¡¡Parry¡¡of¡¡1875£»¡¡

1877£©£º¡¡California¡¡£¨Parish¡¡of¡¡1880£©£º¡¡also¡¡specimens¡¡cultivated¡¡in¡¡Mo¡£¡¡Bot¡£¡¡

Gard¡£¡¡in¡¡1881£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡Meehan's¡¡Gard¡£¡¡in¡¡1882¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡61¡£¡¡Cactus¡¡radiosus¡¡deserti£¨Engelm¡££©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mamillaria¡¡desertiEngelm¡£¡¡Bot¡£¡¡Calif¡£¡¡ii¡£¡¡449¡¡£¨1880£©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Subglobose¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡oval¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨5¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡10¡¡¡¡cm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡high£©¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡simple£»¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡deeply¡¡

grooved¡¡tubercles¡¡£¨slender¡¡and¡¡about¡¡12¡¡mm¡£¡¡long£©£»¡¡25¡¡to¡¡30¡¡rather¡¡long¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡41¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡42¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡North¡¡American¡¡Species¡¡of¡¡Cactus¡¡



£¨10¡¡to¡¡16¡¡mm¡££©¡¡grayish¡¡white¡¡radial¡¡spines¡¡£¨the¡¡larger¡¡with¡¡reddish¡¡tips£©£»¡¡3¡¡

or¡¡4¡¡shorter¡¡and¡¡stouter¡¡centrals¡¡with¡¡5¡¡or¡¡6¡¡intermediate¡¡ones¡¡above£»¡¡small¡¡

£¨2¡£5¡¡¡¡¡¡cm¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡long£©¡¡¡¡¡¡straw¡­colored¡¡¡¡¡¡flowers¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨becoming¡¡¡¡¡¡purplish¡­tipped£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡5¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡6¡¡

stigmas£»¡¡and¡¡obliquely¡¡obovate¡¡curved¡¡seeds¡£Type£»¡¡Parish¡¡433¡¡in¡¡Herb¡£¡¡Mo¡£¡¡

Bot¡£¡¡Gard¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡the¡¡mountains¡¡bordering¡¡the¡¡deserts¡¡of¡¡southeastern¡¡California¡¡£¨San¡¡

Bernardino¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡County£©¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡extending¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡central¡¡¡¡¡¡Nevada¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Reese¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡River¡¡

Valley£©¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Specimens¡¡¡¡¡¡examined£º¡¡¡¡¡¡California¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Parish¡¡¡¡¡¡453¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1880£»¡¡¡¡¡¡also¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1882£»¡¡

Bailey¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1890£©£º¡¡¡¡¡¡Nevada£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Lincoln¡¡¡¡¡¡County¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Coville¡¡¡¡¡¡&¡¡¡¡¡¡Funston¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡1891£»¡¡

Death¡¡Valley¡¡Expedition£©£º¡¡also¡¡specimens¡¡cultivated¡¡in¡¡Meehan's¡¡Gard¡£¡¡in¡¡

¡¡1882¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡smaller¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡straw¡­colored¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡flowers¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡alone¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡s
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©
δÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡