按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页，按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页，按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部！
————未阅读完？加入书签已便下次继续阅读！
hape the document as to avoid embarrassment from this source。 Saying that； on certain terms； certain classes will be pardoned； with rights restored； it is not said that other classes on other terms will never be included。 Saying that reconstruction will be accepted if presented in a specified way； it is not saying it will not be accepted in any other way。
The movements； by State action； for emancipation in several of the States not included in the Emancipation Proclamation； are matters of profound gratulation； and while I do not repeat in detail what I have heretofore so earnestly urged upon this subject； my general views and feelings remain unchanged； and I trust that Congress will omit no fair opportunity of aiding these important steps to a great consummation。
In the midst of other cares； however important； we must not lose sight of the fact that the war power is still our main reliance。 To that power alone can we look； for a time； to give confidence to the people in the contested regions that the insurgent power will not again over…run them。 Until that confidence shall be established； little can be done anywhere for what is called reconstruction。 Hence our chiefest care must still be directed to the Army and Navy； who have thus far borne their hardest part nobly and well。 And it may be esteemed fortunate that in giving the greatest efficiency to these indispensable arms； we do also honorably recognize the gallant men； from commander to sentinel； who compose them； to whom； more than to others； the world must stand indebted for the home of freedom disenthralled； regenerated； enlarged and perpetuated。
Abraham Lincoln。 December 8； 1863。
The following is the Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction referred to in the foregoing Message； and further illustrates Mr。 Lincoln's plan for the restoration of the Union：
PROCLAMATION OF AMNESTY AND RECONSTRUCTION。
BY THE PRESIDENT ON THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA。
Whereas； in and by the Constitution of the United States； it is provided that the President 〃shall have the power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States； except in cases of impeachment；〃 and
Whereas； a rebellion now exists whereby the loyal State governments of several States have for a long time been subverted； and many persons have committed； and are guilty of treason against the United States； and
Whereas； with reference to said rebellion and treason； laws have been enacted by Congress； declaring forfeitures and confiscations of property and liberation of slaves； all upon terms and conditions therein stated； and also declaring that the President was thereby authorized at any time thereafter； by proclamation； to extend to persons who may have participated in the existing rebellion； in any State or part thereof； pardon and amnesty； with such exceptions and at such times and on such conditions as he may deem expedient for the public welfare； and
Whereas； the Congressional declaration for limited and conditional pardon accords with well established judicial exposition of the pardoning power； and
Whereas； with reference to said rebellion； the President of the United States has issued several proclamations； with provisions in regard to the liberation of slaves； and
Whereas； it is now desired by some persons heretofore engaged in said rebellion to resume their allegiance to the United States； and to reinaugurate loyal State Governments within and for their respective States； therefore；
I； Abraham Lincoln； President of the United States； do proclaim； declare； and make known to all persons who have； directly or by implication； participated in the existing rebellion； except as hereinafter excepted； that a full pardon is hereby granted to them and each of them； with restoration of all rights of property； except as to slaves and in property cases where rights of third parties shall have intervened； and upon the condition that every such person shall take and subscribe an oath； and thenceforward keep and maintain said oath inviolate； and which oath shall be registered for permanent preservation； and shall be of the tenor and effect following； to…wit：
I； ___ __ ___ ； do solemnly swear； in presence of Almighty God； that I will henceforth faithfully support； protect； and defend the Constitution of the United States； and the Union of the States thereunder； and that I will； in like manner； abide by and faithfully support all acts of Congress passed during the existing rebellion with reference to slaves； so long and so far as not repealed； modified or held void by Congress； or by the decision of the Supreme Court； and that I will； in like manner； abide by and faithfully support all proclamations of the President made during the existing rebellion having reference to slaves； so long and so far as not modified or declared void by decision of the Supreme Court。 So help me God。
The persons exempted from the benefits of the foregoing provisions are all who are； or shall have been； civil or diplomatic officers or agents of the so…called Confederate Government： all who have left judicial stations under the United States to aid the rebellion； all who are or shall have been military or naval officers of said so…called Confederate Government above the rank of Colonel in the army or Lieutenant in the Navy； all who have left seats in the United States Congress to aid the rebellion； all who resigned commissions in the army or navy of the United States and afterward aided the rebellion； and all who have engaged in any way in treating colored persons； or white persons in charge of such； otherwise than lawfully as prisoners of war； and which persons may have been found in the United States service as soldiers； seamen； or in any capacity。
And I do further proclaim； declare； and make known that whenever； in any of the States of Arkansas； Texas； Louisiana； Mississippi； Tennessee； Alabama； Georgia； Florida； South Carolina and North Carolina； a number of persons； not less than one…tenth in number of the votes cast in such State at the Presidential election of the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty； each having taken the oath aforesaid and not having since violated it； and being a qualified voter by the election laws of the State existing immediately before the so…called act of secession； and excluding all others； shall reestablish a State government which shall be republican； and in no wise contravening said oath； such shall be recognized as the true government of the State； and the State shall receive thereunder the benefits of the constitutional provision which declares that 〃the United States shall guarantee to every state in this Union a republican form of government； and shall protect each of them against invasion； and； on the application of the legislature； or the executive （when the legislature cannot be convened） against domestic violence。〃
And I do further proclaim； declare； and make known； that any provision which may be adopted by such State government in relation to the freed people of such State； which shall recognize and declare their permanent freedom； provide for their education； and which may yet be consistent as a temporary arrangement with their present condition as a laboring； landless； and homeless class； will not be objected to by the National Executive。
And it is suggested as not improper that； in constructing a loyal State government in any State； the name of the State； the boundary； the subdivisions； the constitution； and the general code of laws； as before the rebellion； be maintained； subject only to the modifications made necessary by the conditions hereinbefore stated； and such others； if any； not contravening said conditions； and which may be deemed expedient by those framing the new State government。
To avoid misunderstanding； it may be proper to say； that whether members sent to Congress from any State shall be admitted to seats； constitutionally rests exclusively with the respective houses； and not to any extent with the Executive。 And still further； that this proclamation is intended to present to the people of the States wherein the National authority has been suspended； and loyal State governments have been subverted； a mode in and by which the National authority and loyal State governments； may be re…established within said States； or； in any of them； and while the mode presented is the best the Executive can suggest； with his present impressions； it must not be understood that no other possible mode would be acceptable。
Given under my hand at the City of Washington； the eighth day of December； in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty…three； and of the Independence of the United States of America； the eighty…eighth。
＇L。 S。＇
By the President： Abraham Lincoln。 William H。 Seward； Secretary of State。
How the revolted States could be most successfully and expeditiously restored to their constitutional relations to the Union on the cessation of hostilities； was the momentous question of the hour； upon which there were views and schemes as varied and antagonistic as were the mental differences and political disagreements of those who felt called upon to engage in the stupendous work。 As history had recorded n