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and poverty in the present and past； and the ground of whatever
increase in wealth is reserved for the future。
Unlike the laws of Production； those of Distribution are
partly of human institution： since the manner in which wealth is
distributed in any given society； depends on the statutes or
usages therein obtaining。 But though governments or nations have
the power of deciding what institutions shall exist； they cannot
arbitrarily determine how those institutions shall work。 The
conditions on which the power they possess over the distribution
of wealth is dependent； and the manner in which the distribution
is effected by the various modes of conduct which society may
think fit to adopt； are as much a subject for scientific enquiry
as any of the physical laws of nature。
The laws of Production and Distribution； and some of the
practical consequences deducible from them； are the subject of
the following treatise。