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This speecha speech of fascinating bonhomiedelivered； the guest executed a sort of shuffle with a half…boot of patent leather studded with buttons of mother…of…pearl； and followed that up by （in spite of his pronounced rotundity of figure） stepping backwards with all the elan of an india…rubber ball。
From this the somewhat reassured Tientietnikov concluded that his visitor must be a literary； knowledge…seeking professor who was engaged in roaming the country in search of botanical specimens and fossils； wherefore he hastened to express both his readiness to further the visitor's objects （whatever they might be） and his personal willingness to provide him with the requisite wheelwrights and blacksmiths。 Meanwhile he begged his guest to consider himself at home； and； after seating him in an armchair； made preparations to listen to the newcomer's discourse on natural history。
But the newcomer applied himself； rather； to phenomena of the internal world； saying that his life might be likened to a barque tossed on the crests of perfidious billows； that in his time he had been fated to play many parts； and that on more than one occasion his life had stood in danger at the hands of foes。 At the same time； these tidings were communicated in a manner calculated to show that the speaker was also a man of PRACTICAL capabilities。 In conclusion； the visitor took out a cambric pocket…handkerchief； and sneezed into it with a vehemence wholly new to Tientietnikov's experience。 In fact； the sneeze rather resembled the note which； at times； the trombone of an orchestra appears to utter not so much from its proper place on the platform as from the immediate neighbourhood of the listener's ear。 And as the echoes of the drowsy mansion resounded to the report of the explosion there followed upon the same a wave of perfume； skilfully wafted abroad with a flourish of the eau…de…Cologne…scented handkerchief。
By this time the reader will have guessed that the visitor was none other than our old and respected friend Paul Ivanovitch Chichikov。 Naturally； time had not spared him his share of anxieties and alarms； wherefore his exterior had come to look a trifle more elderly； his frockcoat had taken on a suggestion of shabbiness； and britchka； coachman； valet； horses； and harness alike had about them a sort of second…hand； worse…for…wear effect。 Evidently the Chichikovian finances were not in the most flourishing of conditions。 Nevertheless； the old expression of face； the old air of breeding and refinement； remained unimpaired； and our hero had even improved in the art of walking and turning with grace； and of dexterously crossing one leg over the other when taking a seat。 Also； his mildness of diction； his discreet moderation of word and phrase； survived in； if anything； increased measure； and he bore himself with a skill which caused his tactfulness to surpass itself in sureness of aplomb。 And all these accomplishments had their effect further heightened by a snowy immaculateness of collar and dickey； and an absence of dust from his frockcoat； as complete as though he had just arrived to attend a nameday festival。 Lastly； his cheeks and chin were of such neat clean…shavenness that no one but a blind man could have failed to admire their rounded contours。
From that moment onwards great changes took place in Tientietnikov's establishment； and certain of its rooms assumed an unwonted air of cleanliness and order。 The rooms in question were those assigned to Chichikov； while one other apartmenta little front chamber opening into the hallbecame permeated with Petrushka's own peculiar smell。 But this lasted only for a little while； for presently Petrushka was transferred to the servants' quarters； a course which ought to have been adopted in the first instance。
During the initial days of Chichikov's sojourn； Tientietnikov feared rather to lose his independence； inasmuch as he thought that his guest might hamper his movements； and bring about alterations in the established routine of the place。 But these fears proved groundless； for Paul Ivanovitch displayed an extraordinary aptitude for accommodating himself to his new position。 To begin with； he encouraged his host in his philosophical inertia by saying that the latter would help Tientietnikov to become a centenarian。 Next； in the matter of a life of isolation； he hit things off exactly by remarking that such a life bred in a man a capacity for high thinking。 Lastly； as he inspected the library and dilated on books in general； he contrived an opportunity to observe that literature safeguarded a man from a tendency to waste his time。 In short； the few words of which he delivered himself were brief； but invariably to the point。 And this discretion of speech was outdone by his discretion of conduct。 That is to say； whether entering or leaving the room； he never wearied his host with a question if Tientietnikov had the air of being disinclined to talk； and with equal satisfaction the guest could either play chess or hold his tongue。 Consequently Tientietnikov said to himself：
〃For the first time in my life I have met with a man with whom it is possible to live。 In general； not many of the type exist in Russia； and； though clever； good…humoured； well…educated men abound； one would be hard put to it to find an individual of equable temperament with whom one could share a roof for centuries without a quarrel arising。 Anyway； Chichikov is the first of his sort that I have met。〃
For his part； Chichikov was only too delighted to reside with a person so quiet and agreeable as his host。 Of a wandering life he was temporarily weary； and to rest； even for a month； in such a beautiful spot； and in sight of green fields and the slow flowering of spring； was likely to benefit him also from the hygienic point of view。 And； indeed； a more delightful retreat in which to recuperate could not possibly have been found。 The spring； long retarded by previous cold； had now begun in all its comeliness； and life was rampant。 Already； over the first emerald of the grass； the dandelion was showing yellow； and the red…pink anemone was hanging its tender head； while the surface of every pond was a swarm of dancing gnats and midges； and the water…spider was being joined in their pursuit by birds which gathered from every quarter to the vantage…ground of the dry reeds。 Every species of creature also seemed to be assembling in concourse； and taking stock of one another。 Suddenly the earth became populous； the forest had opened its eyes； and the meadows were lifting up their voice in song。 In the same way had choral dances begun to be weaved in the village； and everywhere that the eye turned there was merriment。 What brightness in the green of nature； what freshness in the air； what singing of birds in the gardens of the mansion； what general joy and rapture and exaltation！ Particularly in the village might the shouting and singing have been in honour of a wedding！
Chichikov walked hither； thither； and everywherea pursuit for which there was ample choice and facility。 At one time he would direct his steps along the edge of the flat tableland； and contemplate the depths below； where still there lay sheets of water left by the floods of winter； and where the island…like patches of forest showed leafless boughs； while at another time he would plunge into the thicket and ravine country； where nests of birds weighted branches almost to the ground； and the sky was darkened with the criss…cross flight of cawing rooks。 Again； the drier portions of the meadows could be crossed to the river wharves； whence the first barges were just beginning to set forth with pea…meal and barley and wheat； while at the same time one's ear would be caught with the sound of some mill resuming its functions as once more the water turned the wheel。 Chichikov would also walk afield to watch the early tillage operations of the season； and observe how the blackness of a new furrow would make its way across the expanse of green； and how the sower； rhythmically striking his hand against the pannier slung across his breast； would scatter his fistfuls of seed with equal distribution； apportioning not a grain too much to one side or to the other。
In fact； Chichikov went everywhere。 He chatted and talked； now with the bailiff； now with a peasant； now with a miller； and inquired into the manner and nature of everything； and sought information as to how an estate was managed； and at what price corn was selling； and what species of grain was best for spring and autumn grinding； and what was the name of each peasant； and who were his kinsfolk； and where he had bought his cow； and what he fed his pigs on。 Chichikov also made inquiry concerning the number of peasants who had lately died： but of these there appeared to be few。 And suddenly his quick eye discerned that Tientietnikov's estate was not being worked as it might have beenthat much neglect and listlessness and pilfering and drunkenness was abroad； and on perceiving this； he thought to himself： 〃What a fool is that Tientietnikov！ To think of letting a property like this decay when he might be drawing from it an income of fifty thousand roubles a year！〃
Also； more than once； while taking these walks； our hero po