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is useless；but the future may still be provided against。 give up your vain pursuit。 give upyour vain pursuit。 peril awaits those who now engage in affairs of government。〃
confucius alighted and wished to converse with him； but chieh…yu hastenedaway； so that he could not talk with him。
ch'ang…tsu and chieh…ni were at work in the field together； when confuciuspassed by them； and sent tsze…lu to inquire for the ford。
ch'ang…tsu said； 〃who is he that holds the reins in the carriage there？〃tsze…lu told him； 〃it is k'ung ch'iu。'； 〃is it not k'ung of lu？〃 asked he。〃yes；〃 was the reply； to which the other rejoined； 〃he knows the ford。〃
tsze…lu then inquired of chieh…ni； who said to him； 〃who are you； sir？〃 heanswered； 〃i am chung yu。〃 〃are you not the disciple of k'ung ch'iu of lu？〃asked the other。 〃i am；〃 replied he； and then chieh…ni said to him； 〃disorder；like a swelling flood； spreads over the whole empire； and who is he that willchange its state for you？ rather than follow one who merely withdraws from thisone and that one； had you not better follow those who have withdrawn from theworld altogether？〃 with this he fell to covering up the seed； and proceeded withhis work； without stopping。
tsze…lu went and reported their remarks； when the master observed with asigh； 〃it is impossible to associate with birds and beasts； as if they were thesame with us。 if i associate not with these people；…with mankind；…with whomshall i associate？ if right principles prevailed through the empire； there wouldbe no use for me to change its state。〃
tsze…lu； following the master； happened to fall behind； when he met an oldman； carrying across his shoulder on a staff a basket for weeds。 tsze…lu said tohim； 〃have you seen my master； sir？〃 the old man replied； 〃your four limbs areunaccustomed to toil； you cannot distinguish the five kinds of grain：…who isyour master？〃 with this； he planted his staff in the ground； and proceeded toweed。
tsze…lu joined his hands across his breast； and stood before him。
the old man kept tsze…lu to pass the night in his house； killed a fowl；prepared millet； and feasted him。 he also introduced to him his two sons。
next day； tsze…lu went on his way； and reported his adventure。 the mastersaid； 〃he is a recluse；〃 and sent tsze…lu back to see him again； but when he gotto the place； the old man was gone。
tsze…lu then said to the family； 〃not to take office is not righteous。 ifthe relations between old and young may not be neglected； how is it that he setsaside the duties that should be observed between sovereign and minister？ wishingto maintain his personal purity； he allows that great relation to e toconfusion。 a superior man takes office； and performs the righteous dutiesbelonging to it。 as to the failure of right principles to make progress； he isaware of that。〃
the men who have retired to privacy from the world have been po…i； shu…ch'i；yuchung； i…yi； chu…chang； hui of liu…hsia； and shao…lien。
the master said； 〃refusing to surrender their wills； or to submit to anytaint in their persons； such； i think； were po…i and shu…ch'i。
〃it may be said of hui of liu…hsia！ and of shaolien； that they surrenderedtheir wills； and submitted to taint in their persons； but their wordscorresponded with reason； and their actions were such as men are anxious to see。this is all that is to be remarked in them。
〃it may be said of yu…chung and i…yi； that； while they hid themselves intheir seclusion； they gave a license to their words； but in their persons； theysucceeded in preserving their purity； and； in their retirement； they actedaccording to the exigency of the times。
〃i am different from all these。 i have no course for which i ampredetermined； and no course against which i am predetermined。〃
the grand music master； chih； went to ch'i。
kan； the master of the band at the second meal； went to ch'u。 liao； the bandmaster at the third meal； went to ts'ai。 chueh； the band master at the fourthmeal； went to ch'in。
fang…shu； the drum master； withdrew to the north of the river。
wu； the master of the hand drum； withdrew to the han。
yang； the assistant music master； and hsiang； master of the musical stone；withdrew to an island in the sea。
the duke of chau addressed his son； the duke of lu； saying； 〃the virtuousprince does not neglect his relations。 he does not cause the great ministers torepine at his not employing them。 without some great cause； he does not dismissfrom their offices the members of old families。 he does not seek in one mantalents for every employment。〃
to chau belonged the eight officers； po…ta； po…kwo； chung…tu； chung…hwu；shu…ya； shuhsia； chi…sui； and chi…kwa。
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tsze…chang said； 〃the scholar； trained for public duty； seeing threateningdanger； is prepared to sacrifice his life。 when the opportunity of gain ispresented to him； he thinks of righteousness。 in sacrificing； his thoughts arereverential。 in mourning； his thoughts are about the grief which he should feel。such a man mands our approbation indeed
tsze…chang said； 〃when a man holds fast to virtue； but without seeking toenlarge it； and believes in right principles； but without firm sincerity； whataccount can be made of his existence or non…existence？〃
the disciples of tsze…hsia asked tsze…chang about the principles that shouldcharacterize mutual intercourse。 tsze…chang asked； 〃what does tsze…hsia say onthe subject？〃 they replied； 〃tsze…hsia says： 'associate with those who canadvantage you。 put away from you those who cannot do so。'〃 tsze…chang observed；〃this is different from what i have learned。 the superior man honors thetalented and virtuous； and bears with all。 he praises the good； and pities theinpetent。 am i possessed of great talents and virtue？…who is there among menwhom i will not bear with？ am i devoid of talents and virtue？…men will put meaway from them。 what have we to do with the putting away of others？〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃even in inferior studies and employments there is somethingworth being looked at； but if it be attempted to carry them out to what isremote； there is a danger of their proving inapplicable。 therefore； the superiorman does not practice them。〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃he； who from day to day recognizes what he has not yet； andfrom month to month does not forget what he has attained to； may be said indeedto love to learn。〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃there are learning extensively； and having a firm andsincere aim； inquiring with earnestness； and reflecting with self…application：…virtue is in such a course。〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃mechanics have their shops to dwell in； in order toacplish their works。 the superior man learns； in order to reach to the utmostof his principles。〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃the mean man is sure to gloss his faults。〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃the superior man undergoes three changes。 looked at from adistance； he appears stern； when approached； he is mild； when he is heard tospeak； his language is firm and decided。〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃the superior man； having obtained their confidence； maythen impose labors on his people。 if he have not gained their confidence； theywill think that he is oppressing them。 having obtained the confidence of hisprince； one may then remonstrate with him。 if he have not gained his confidence；the prince will think that he is vilifying him。〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃when a person does not transgress the boundary line in thegreat virtues； he may pass and repass it in the small virtues。〃
tsze…yu said； 〃the disciples and followers of tsze…hsia； in sprinkling andsweeping the ground； in answering and replying； in advancing and receding； aresufficiently acplished。 but these are only the branches of learning； and theyare left ignorant of what is essential。…how can they be acknowledged assufficiently taught？〃
tsze…hsia heard of the remark and said； 〃alas！ yen yu is wrong。 according tothe way of the superior man in teaching； what departments are there which heconsiders of prime importance； and delivers？ what are there which he considersof secondary importance； and allows himself to be idle about？ but as in the caseof plants； which are assorted according to their classes； so he deals with hisdisciples。 how can the way of a superior man be such as to make fools of any ofthem？ is it not the sage alone； who can unite in one the beginning and theconsummation of learning？〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃the officer； having discharged all his duties； shoulddevote his leisure to learning。 the student； having pleted his learning；should apply himself to be an officer。〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃mourning； having been carried to the utmost degree of grief；should stop with that。〃
tsze…hsia said； 〃my friend chang can do things which are hard to be done；but yet he is not perfectly virtuous。〃
the philosopher tsang said； 〃how imposing is the manner of chang！ it isdifficult along with him to practice virtue。〃
the philosopher tsang said； 〃i heard this from our master： 'men may not haveshown what is in them to the full extent； and yet they will be found to do so；on the occasion of mourning for their parents。〃
the philosopher tsang said； 〃i have heard this from our master：…'the filialpiety of mang chwang； in other matters；