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Who would not make an effort to achieve this end？
This is the fourteenth chapter from the Four Hundred on the Yogic Deeds；
showing how to meditate on the refutation of extreme conceptions。
*Chapter 15： Refuting Truly Existent Characteristics ＇of products＇*
351。 How can the non…existent be produced；
If what does not exist at the last is produced？
How can that which exists be produced；
If what exists from the outset is produced？
352。 Since the effect destroys the cause；
That which does not exist will not be produced。
Nor will that which exists be produced
Since what is established needs no establisher。
353。 There is no production at that time；
Nor is there production at another。
If not produced at that time nor another；
When will there ever be production？
354。 Just as there is no production
Of that as the thing it is；
Neither is it produced
As something else。
355。 The first； intermediate and last
Are not possible prior to production。
How can each begin
Without the other two？
356。 The thing itself does not occur
Without other things。
Thus there is no ing into existence
Either from self or from other。
357。 It cannot be said to exist
Before； after or simultaneously。
Therefore production does not occur
Simultaneously with the pot。
358。 That which was previously produced
Was not old when first produced。
Also that which afterwards has been
Constantly produced is not old。
359。 A present thing does not
e into existence from itself；
Not e into existence from the future；
And also not from the past。
360。 There is no ing of the produced；
Likewise no going of that which has ceased。
Since it is thus； why should existence
Not be like a magician's illusions？
361。 Production； duration； and disintegration
Do not occur simultaneously。
If they are not consecutive either；
When can they ever occur？
362。 If for production and all the others；
All of these occurred again；
Disintegration would seem like production
And duration like disintegration。
363。 If that which is characterized is said to be
Different from its characteristics；
How can the characterized be impermanent？
Alternatively； existence of all four is unclear。
364。 A thing is not produced from a thing
Nor is a thing produced from a non…thing。
A non…thing is not produced from a non…thing
Nor is a non…thing produced from a thing。
365。 A thing does not bee a thing；
Nor does a non…thing bee a thing。
A non…thing does not bee a non…thing；
Nor does a thing bee a non…thing。
366。 A thing in the process of production
Since half…produced； is not being produced。
Alternatively it follows that everything
Is in the process of being produced。
367。 That which has the nature of presently being produced
Is not in the process of production；
Nor is that in the process of production
Which lacks the nature of presently being produced。
368。 For anyone to whom the two are
Impossible without an intermediate；
There is nothing in the process of production；
For it too would have an intermediate。
369。 Since the process of production is the arising
of the produced through cessation；
That which is presently being produced
Appears to be a different entity。
370。 When a thing is produced there cannot be
Anything in the process of production。
If the produced is in the process
of production； why is it being produced？
371。 A thing in the process of production is said
To be the entirely unproduced arising。
Since there is no difference； why should the pot
Not be considered as non…existent？
372。 That which is presently being produced；
Though inplete； is other than unproduced。
Yet also since other than produced；
The unproduced is being produced。
373。 That which is presently being produced；
Though not yet existent； is later said to exist。
The unproduced is thus being produced
But the non…existent does not arise。
374。 The plete is called existent。
The unpleted is called non…existent。
When there is nothing in the process of production
What is being referred to as such？
375。 Since without a cause
There is no effect；
Both starting and stopping
Are not feasible。
Production and disintegration of posite things
Are like dreams and like illusion。
When they are mere terms and mere imputation；
How could non…products be truly existent？
This is the fifteenth chapter from the Four Hundred on the Yogic Deeds；
showing how to meditate on the refutation of that which constitutes
products。
*Chapter 16： Refuting Remaining Counter…Arguments*
376。 For various reasons； that which is empty
Appears nonetheless as if not empty。
These are refuted individually
By all the chapters。
377。 When the author and subject also exist
It is incorrect to call them empty。
Also with regard to these three； whatever
Arises in dependence does not exist。
378。 If through flaws concerning emptiness
＇Things＇ were established as not empty；
Why would emptiness not be established
Through flaws concerning lack of emptiness？
379。 In refuting the thesis of others
And in proving your own thesis；
If on the one hand you like to disprove；
Why do you not like to prove？
380。 When thoroughly investigated；
The non…existent is not a thesis。
Then all three； such as oneness；
Also are not theses。
381。 Where a pot is directly perceptible；
The argument of emptiness is meaningless。
Here reasons appearing in textual systems
Are not ＇acceptable＇； elsewhere they are。
382。 When there is nothing that is not empty；
How can emptiness be so？
When the one does not exist；
Why should the antidote exist？
383。 If there were a thesis； absence of the thesis
Would in entity be a thesis；
But where there is no thesis
What can be the counter…thesis？
384。 How can fire be hot；
When things do not exist？
This was refuted above： it was said
That even hot fire does not exist。
385。 If through seeing things one could refute
The statement that things do not exist；
Who then sees the elimination
Of fallacies regarding all four theses。
386。 When there is nowhere； even in particles；
A truly existent entity； how can it occur？
Even for Buddhas； it does not exist。
Thus it is irrelevant。
387。 If they are not twofold； how can
Anything have an existent entity？
If that is reasonable to you also；
Why raise further arguments？
388。 Regarding the non…functional ＇aspect＇ of all things；
Differentiation are inappropriate。
That which is seen in all substantial entities
Is not differentiable。
389。 If owing to non…existence you claim
No reply is made to the other's thesis；
Why would you not also prove
Your own thesis which is refuted by reasons？
390。 Though the world says it is easy
To find reasons with which to refute；
Why can the errors regarding
The others' thesis not be stated？
391。 If just by saying 〃They exist〃
Things really did exist；
Why should they not also be non…existent
Just by saying 〃They do not exist〃？
392。 If a thing is not non…existent
Because the term 〃existent〃 is ascribed；
Neither is it existent
because the term 〃existent〃 is applied。
393。 If everything is a convention
Because expressed by ordinary people；
How can anything which exists
As ＇its own＇ suchness be a convention？
394。 If things are non…existent because
Things all do not exist；
In that case it is incorrect that all these
Concern the non…existence of things。
395。 Since a thing does not exist
A non…thing cannot exist。
Without a thing's existence；
How can a non…thing be established？
396。 If things are not empty because
They are empty by virtue of reasons；
The thesis would not be distinct from the reasons；
And thus the reasons would not exist。
397。 If things are not empty because
There are analogies for emptiness；
Can one say； 〃Just like the crow；
So too the self is black〃？
398。 If things exist inherently
What good is it to perceive emptiness？
Perception by way of conception binds。
This is refuted here。
399。 To say one exists and the other does not
Is neither reality nor the conventional。
Therefore it cannot be said
That this exists but that does not。
400。 Against one who holds no thesis that ＇things＇
Exist； do not； or do and do not exist；
Counter…arguements cannot be raised
No matter how long ＇one tries＇。
The sun's light dispels all darkness。
Darkness has no power to destroy the sun's light。
The correct view destroys all extreme conceptions；
Banishing any opportunity for controversy。
This is the sixteenth chapter from the Four Hundred on the Yogic Deeds；
showing how to meditate on settling ＇the procedure between＇ spiritual
guides and students。
Colophon： This concludes the Treatise of Four Hundred Stanzas on the
Yogic Deeds of Bodhisattvas from the mouth of Aryadeva； the spiritual
son at the Exalted Naga's feet。 He was born miraculously from the heart
of a lotus on the island of Sinhala。 Having crossed the ocean of our own
and others' tenets himself； he made the Middle Way most clear by
distinguishing between correct and incorrect views。
It was translated and ＇the meaning＇ settled in the temple of
Ratnaguptavihara in the center of the glorious Kasmicri city of
Anupamapura by the Indian abbot Suksmajana and the Tibetan translator
Ba…tsap Nyi