ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡ÔĶÁ¹ý³Ì·¢ÏÖÈκδíÎóÇë¸æËßÎÒÃÇ£¬Ð»Ð»£¡£¡ ±¨¸æ´íÎó
¾ÅÉ«Êé¼® ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ½øÈëÊé°É ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©

ÓÒ Åɹú¼Ò:ÃÀ¹úΪʲô¶ÀÒ»ÎÞ¶þ-µÚ62ÕÂ

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




ÃÀ¹úµÄµÚ¶þ¸öÌصãÊǷdz£Ï²»¶ÕùÂÛÔ­ÔòÎÊÌ⣬ÓÈÒÔ¶Ô¶éÌ¥ÎÊÌâµÄ±çÂÛΪµäÐÍ¡£Å·ÖÞÈË°´²¿¾Í°àµØ½«µÀµÂÎÊÌâת±ä³É¼¼ÊõÎÊÌ⣬Ȼºó½»¸ø¼¼Êõ¹ÙÁž«Ó¢È¥´¦Àí¡£ÓÉÓÚÁ¢ÏÜ´«Í³¡¢·¨ÂÉÎÄ»¯»òÐí»¹ÓÐËüµÄÇå½ÌÒŲú£¬ÃÀ¹úÓµÓи÷ÖÖ¸÷Ñù¼«¶ËÖ÷ÒåÕߣ¬¼ÈÓÐÊÀË׵ģ¬Ò²ÓÐ×ڽ̵ġ£ÔÚÅ·ÖÞ£¬¶éÌ¥ÊÇ°´ÕÕÒ½Áƶø·ÇµÀµÂ·½Ê½À´½øÐеġ£Óë´ËºÜÏàËƵÄÊǸÉϸ°ûÎÊÌâ¡£¶ÔÓÚÃÀ¹úÈËÀ´Ëµ£¬¶éÌ¥Ëƺõ¾ø²»¿ÉÄܽö½öÊǸö½¡¿µÎÊÌ⣬ËüÊÇÒ»¸öÁ½ÖÖ¾ø¶ÔµÄ¶ÔÁ¢ÎïÖ®¼äµÄ³åÍ»¡ª¡ªÑ¡ÔñȨÓëÉúÃüȨ֮¼äµÄ¶ÔÁ¢¡£

ÃÀ¹úµÄµÚÈý¸öÌصãÊÇÓÒÅɱ¾ÉíµÄÌØÊâ×÷Óá£ÃñÖ÷µ³ÈËÔÚÀûÓá°ÂÞÒÁËßΤµÂ°¸¡±À´¶¯Ô±ÆäÖ§³Ö´ó¾üµÄʱºò²¢Î´Ð¸µ¡¹ý¡£µ«ÊÇÓÉÓÚ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÔÚÃÀ¹úÕþÖÎÖÐʤ¹ý½×¼¶ÎÊÌ⣬±£ÊØÅÉÊ×ÏÈÔÚÄÏ·½½«¶éÌ¥ÎÊÌâ±ä³ÉÒ»¸öÖØ´óÎÊÌâ¡£¶éÌ¥²¢²»ÊǵÚÒ»¸öÖØн綨ÏÖ´úÕþÖÎÎÄ»¯µÄÎÊÌ⡪¡ªÄÇÒ»ÈÙÓþÒª¹éÓÚÃñȨÔ˶¯¡£µ«ÊÇËü¿Ï¶¨ÊÇ×îÓÐÓ°ÏìÁ¦µÄÎÊÌâÖ®Ò»¡£1972Ä꣬¹²ºÍµ³¸øÇÇÖΡ¤Âó¸êÎÄÆðÁ˸ö¡°ÈýA¡±£ÛÌØÉâ¡¢ÃÔ»ÃÒ©ºÍ¶éÌ¥£¨amnesty£¬acid¡¡and¡¡abortion£©£§ºòÑ¡È˵Ĵºš£×ÔÄÇʱÒÔÀ´£¬ËûÃǾÍÒ»Ö±ÀûÓÃÕâ¸öÎÊÌâ»ã¾ÛÄÏ·½µÄ¸£ÒôÅÉ»ù¶½Í½ºÍ±±·½µÄÌìÖ÷½Ìͽ¡£¹²ºÍµ³ÀïÒÀÈ»ÓÐÔÞ³ÉÑ¡ÔñȨµÄÈË£¬Èç¿ÆÁÖ¡¤±«Íþ¶ûºÍ°¢ÅµµÂ¡¤Ê©ÍßÐÁ¸ñ£¬µ«ËûÃǶ¼ÊÇÄæ³±Á÷¶ø¶¯µÄÈË¡£´óÔ¼88£¥µÄÖÝÒ»¼¶¹²ºÍµ³Õþ¸Ù·´¶Ô¶éÌ¥£¬Ã»ÓÐÒ»¸öÖݵĹ²ºÍµ³Õþ¸ÙÖ§³Ö¶éÌ¥¡£2000ÄêµÄ´óÑ¡ÖУ¬ÈÏΪ¶é̥Ϊ·Ç·¨µÄÈ˵±ÖУ¬74£¥Í¶Æ±Ö§³ÖС²¼Ê²£»¶øÈÏΪ¶éÌ¥¿ÉÒÔËæʱ½øÐеÄÈ˵±ÖУ¬ÔòÓÐ70£¥Í¶Æ±Ö§³Ö¸ê¶û¡£ÔÚ¶éÌ¥ÎÊÌâÉÏ£¬ÃÀ¹ú×ÜÊDZÈÆäËû¹ú¼ÒÏԵýôÕŲ»°²£¬µ«ÊÇÓÒÅɿ϶¨ÒªÂôÁ¦Ê¹ÕâÒ»ÎÊÌâÉýΡ£ÔÚ¶Ô´ý¶éÌ¥ÎÊÌâµÄ̬¶ÈÉÏ£¬ÃÀ¹úûÓлú»á±ä³É¡°Å·ÖÞʽ¡±¡£


¼ÛÖµ¹ÛºÍÓÒÅÉ


¶éÌ¥ÎÊÌâÊÇÃÀ¹úÀýÍâÂÛÖ¢½áµÄ·¶Àý£¬ÒòΪËüÏÔʾÁËÁ½¸öÖ÷ÒªÔªËØÖ®¼äµÄÏ໥²¹³ä£ºÒ»Ì×ÓëÖÚ²»Í¬µÄ¼ÛÖµºÍÒ»³¡²»Í¬Ñ°³£µÄ±£ÊØÖ÷ÒåÇ¿´óÔ˶¯£¬ÕâÒ»Ô˶¯×ÌÑø¡¢ÔöÇ¿²¢ÀûÓÃÁËÕâЩ¼ÛÖµ¡£¶ÔÕâЩ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛºÍÕⳡÔ˶¯¶¼ÒªÉÔ΢ÔÙ×ö½øÒ»²½µÄ½âÊÍ¡£

¿¼²ìÃÀ¹úµÄ¼ÛÖµ¹Ûʱ£¬ÂíÉϾͻáÅöµ½Ò»¸öÃ÷ÏÔµÄì¶ÜÏÖÏó¡£ÃÀ¹úÈ˼ȱÈÅ·ÖÞ´ó½µÄÈ˸ü¼Ó¸öÈËÖ÷Ò壬ÓÖ±ÈËûÃǸü¼Ó´«Í³¡£ÃÀ¹úµÄ¸öÈËÖ÷ÒåÔ¶±È½ö½öÊÇÃïÊÓÉç»á°²È«ÍøÒªÉîºñµÃ¶à¡£ÃÀ¹úÈËÒ²¸üÔ¸ÒâÏàÐÅ×Ô¼ºµÄÄÜÁ¦¡£ÔÚƤÓÈÑо¿ÖÐÐĵĵ÷²éÖУ¬ÓÐ65£¥µÄÃÀ¹úÈ˲»Ô޳ɡ°ÈËÉúµÄ³É¹¦ºÜ´óÒ»²¿·ÖÈ¡¾öÓÚÈËÃÇ×ÔÉí²»ÄÜ¿ØÖƵÄÍâÁ¦¡±µÄ¿´·¨¡£ÔÚÅ·ÖÞ£¬³ýÓ¢¹ú¡¢½Ý¿ËºÍ˹Âå·¥¿ËÒÔÍâµÄËùÓйú¼Ò£¬¶àÊýÈ˽ÓÊÜÁËÕâÒ»ÁîÈ˾ÚÉ¥µÄ¹Ûµã£¬¶ø¼´Ê¹ÔÚÉÏÊöÈý¹úÖУ¬Ò²ÓÐÒ»°ëµÄÈ˳ÖÕâÖֹ۵㡣½ñÌ죬ÏàÐųɹ¦È¡¾öÓÚÈËÃÇ×ÔÉí²»ÄÜ¿ØÖƵÄÍâÁ¦µÄÈËÊý°Ù·Ö±È£¬´Ó1988ÄêµÄ41£¥Ï½µµ½ÁË32£¥£»Ïà·´£¬µÂ¹ú³Ö´ËÖÖ¿´·¨µÄÈËÊýÈ´´Ó1991ÄêµÄ59£¥ÉÏÉýµ½Á˽ñÌìµÄ61£¥¡£

È»¶ø£¬Èç¹û˵ÃÀ¹úÈËÊÇ×ÔÀûµÄ¸öÈËÖ÷ÒåÕߣ¬ÄÇôËûÃÇͬÑùÒ²ÊÇÉϽÌÌõİ®¹úÕß¡£ÃÜЪ¸ù´óѧһÏ¸Ç78¸ö¹ú¼ÒµÄ¶¨ÆÚµ÷²é×îºÃµØ±íÃ÷ÁËÕâÒ»µã¡£ÕâÏîµ÷²éÓÉÁ½³¡¹ã·ºµÄ¼Æ»®×é³É¡£Ò»³¡²âÊÔÖÐËùÎʵÄÎÊÌâÓëÓÅÏÈ¿¼ÂǵÄÊÂÇéÓйء£ÈËÃDZ»Îʼ°£¬Ê³Æ·ºÍ°²È«Ö®ÀàµÄ»ù±¾¶«Î÷±ÈÆð×ÔÎÒ±íÏֺͿíÈÝÖ®Àà¸üçÎ翵Ķ«Î÷£¬Äĸö¸üÖØÒª¡£¾ÍÏñ´ó¶àÊý¸»Ô£¹ú¼ÒµÄ¾ÓÃñÒ»Ñù£¬ÃÀ¹úÈËÇ÷ÏòÓÚ×ÔÎÒ±íÏÖµÄÒ»¶Ë¡£ÁíÒ»³¡²âÊÔÊÔͼºâÁ¿´«Í³Ö÷Ò壨¶Ô¹ú¼Ò¡¢ÉϵۺͼÒÍ¥µÄ·îÏ×£©Óë¡°ÊÀË×£­ÀíÐÔ¼ÛÖµ¹Û¡±£¨ÈçÖ§³Ö°²ÀÖËÀ¡¢Àë»éºÍ¶éÌ¥£©Ö®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ¡£ÔÚ´Ë£¬ÃÀ¹úÓëÊÀ½çÆäËû¸»Ô£µØÇø·ÖµÀÑïïðÁË¡£½á¹ûÊÇ£¬ÃÀ¹ú±È³ý°®¶ûÀ¼ÒÔÍâµÄËùÓÐÅ·ÖÞ¹ú¼Ò¶¼Ô¶Îª´«Í³¡£µ÷²é»¹·¢ÏÖ£¬ÃÀ¹úÈË×î°®¹ú¡ª¡ª72£¥µÄÃÀ¹úÈË˵ËûÃǶÔ×Ô¼ºµÄ¹ú¼Ò·Ç³£×ÔºÀ£¨ËäÈ»ÕâÒ»µ÷²éÊÇÔÚ2001Äê9ÔÂ֮ǰ½øÐеģ©£¬80£¥µÄÃÀ¹úÈËÈÏΪËûÃǶԻéÒöºÍ¼ÒÍ¥³Ö¡°ÀÏʽµÄ¡±¹Ûµã¡£¾Í×ڽ̿ñÈȶøÑÔ£¬ÃÀ¹úÈ˸ü½Ó½üÓÚÄáÈÕÀûÑǺÍÍÁ¶úÆäÈË£¬¶ø²»Êǵ¹ú»òÈðµäÈË¡£ÓÐȤµÄÊÇ£¬×Ô´Ó1981ÄêÊ׶ȽøÐÐÕâÏîµ÷²éÒÔÀ´£¬ÃÀ¹úÈËÔÚÕâЩ·½Ãæ±äµÃ¸ü¼Ó´«Í³ÁË¡£

ÃÀ¹úÊÇÔõÑù±äµÃÈç´ËÀýÍâµÄÄØ£¿µ±È»£¬Ô­ÒòÖ®Ò»ÊÇÃÀ¹ú¼«¶ËµÄ±£ÊØÖ÷ÒåÔ˶¯¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬ÃÀ¹úΪʲôÓÐÕâÑù·ÊÎֵı£ÊØÖ÷ÒåÍÁÈÀÄØ£¿ÎÒÃÇÐèÒª»ØËÝÒ»ÏÂÃÀ¹ú¾­³£¾ßÓеı£ÊØÌص㣬ÕâЩÌصã¼ÈÏÈÓÚÏÖ´úÃÀ¹úµÄ±£ÊØÖ÷Òå¶ø´æÔÚ£¬ÓֺܿÉÄܱÈËü´æÔڵøü¾ÃÔ¶¡£±¾ÊéÒ»¿ªÊ¼µÄʱºò£¬ÎÒÃÇÔÚ¿ÆÂÞÀ­¶à˹ÆÕÁÖ˹ÊÐÓö¼ûµÄÇàÄê»î¶¯·Ö×Ó´ï˹͢£¬°ÑËûµÄÅóÓÑÃèÊöΪ¡°²»×ÔÖªµÄ±£ÊØÖ÷ÒåÕß¡±¡£×÷Ϊһ¸öÕûÌ壬ÃÀ¹úÒ²¿ÉÒÔ×÷ÈçÊǹۡ£

£§1£§Daniel¡¡Yergin¡¡and¡¡Joseph¡¡Stanislaw£¬The¡¡manding¡¡Heights£ºThe¡¡Battle¡¡Between¡¡Government¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Marketplace¡¡That¡¡Is¡¡Remaking¡¡the¡¡Moden¡¡World£¨New¡¡York£ºSimon¡¡&¡¡Schuster£¬1998£©£¬p£®300¡£

£§2£§½Ý¿ËµçÊǪ́µÄ²É·Ã£¬²É·Ã¼Ç¼ÓÚ2002Äê11ÔÂ19ÈÕ·¢±í£¬²Î¼û¡£whitehouse¡£gov¡£

£§3£§¡°Views¡¡of¡¡a¡¡Changing¡¡World¡¡2003£ºWar¡¡with¡¡Iraq¡¡Further¡¡Divides¡¡Global¡¡Publics£¬¡±The¡¡Pew¡¡Research¡¡Center¡¡for¡¡the¡¡People¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Press£¬June¡¡3£¬2003£®

£§4£§Ibid£®£¬p£®29£®

£§5£§Transatlantic¡¡Trends¡¡2003£ºA¡¡Project¡¡of¡¡the¡¡German¡¡Marshall¡¡Fund¡¡of¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡¡and¡¡the¡¡pagnia¡¡di¡¡San¡¡Paulo£¬pp£®4~5£®

£§6£§Andrew¡¡Gimson£¬¡°A¡¡Sad¡¡Case¡¡of¡¡Schadenfreude£¬¡±The¡¡Spectator£¬September¡¡13£¬2003£®

£§7£§²É·ÃÌ©µÂ¡¤¿ËÆÕ¶û£¨Ted¡¡Koppel£©£¬ÃÀ¹ú¹ã²¥¹«Ë¾ÐÂÎÅÒ¹Ïß½ÚÄ¿£¬1998Äê2ÔÂ18ÈÕ¡£

£§8£§Clyde¡¡Prestowitz£¬Rogue¡¡Nation£¨New¡¡York£ºBasic¡¡Books£¬2003£©£¬p£®212£®

£§9£§Ð¡²¼Ê²2002Äê4ÔÂ18ÈÕµÄÑݽ²¡£

£§10£§Philip¡¡Gordon£¬¡°Bridging¡¡the¡¡Atlantic¡¡Divide£¬¡±Foreign¡¡Affairs£¬January/February¡¡2003£¬p£®77£®

£§11£§°ÍÀè¹ú¼ÊÑо¿ÖÐÐÄ£¨the¡¡Center¡¡for¡¡International¡¡Studies¡¡and¡¡Research£©µÄƤ°£¶û¡¤¹þ˹Äɶû£¨Pierre¡¡Hassner£©£¬Òý×ÔJ£®F£®O£®McAllister£¬¡°Made¡¡at¡¡America£¬¡±Time£¬January¡¡20£¬2003£¬p£®23¡£

£§12£§Dean¡¡Rally¡¡in¡¡Falls¡¡Church£¬Virginia£¬August¡¡23£¬2003£®

£§13£§¡°Will¡¡a¡¡Quartet¡¡of¡¡EuroEnthusiasts¡¡Undermine¡¡NATO£¿¡±Economist£¬May¡¡3£¬2003£®

£§14£§Robert¡¡Kagan£¬¡°Power¡¡and¡¡Weakness£¬¡±Policy¡¡Review£¬June/July¡¡2002£®

£§15£§Transatlantic¡¡Trends¡¡2003£¬p£®14£®

£§16£§¡°A¡¡Tale¡¡of¡¡Two¡¡Bellies£¬¡±Economist£¬August¡¡24£¬2002£®

£§17£§Allensbach¡¡Opinion¡¡Research¡¡Institute£¬2002£¬Òý×ÔJohn¡¡Parker£¬¡°Survey¡¡of¡¡America£¬¡±Economist£¬November¡¡8£¬2003¡£

£§18£§¡°Views¡¡of¡¡a¡¡Changing¡¡World¡¡2003£®¡±

£§19£§BernardHenri¡¡L¨¦vy£¬¡°A¡¡Passage¡¡to¡¡Europe£¬¡±Time£¬August¡¡10£¬2003£®

£§20£§²Î¼û//¡£ojp¡£usdoj¡£gov/bjs/abstract/piuspo1¡£htm¡£

£§21£§James¡¡A£®Morone£¬Hellfire¡¡Nation£ºThe¡¡Politics¡¡of¡¡Sin¡¡in¡¡American¡¡History£¨New¡¡Haven£ºYale¡¡University¡¡Press£¬2003£©£¬p£®460£®

£§22£§Ibid£®£¬p£®461£®

£§23£§¡°A¡¡Stigma¡¡that¡¡Never¡¡Fades£¬¡±Economist£¬August¡¡10£¬2002£®

£§24£§¡°Jesse¡¡Jackson's¡¡Wrong¡¡Target£¬¡±Economist£¬November¡¡25£¬1999£®

£§25£§¡°The¡¡Military¡¡Balance¡¡2003¡ª2004£¬¡±International¡¡Institute¡¡for¡¡Strategic¡¡Studies£¬2003£®

£§26£§Á½¸öÊý×Ö¶¼ÊÇÒý×Ô¡°Tale¡¡of¡¡Two¡¡Legacies£¬¡±Economist£¬Christmas¡¡Special£¬December¡¡21£¬2002¡£

£§27£§David¡¡Frum£¬The¡¡Right¡¡Man£ºThe¡¡Surprise¡¡Presidency¡¡of¡¡Gee¡¡W£®Bush£¨New¡¡York£ºRandom¡¡House£¬2003£©£¬p£®33£®

£§28£§Milton¡¡Friedman£¬¡°Tax¡¡Cuts¡¡¡¡Smaller¡¡Government£¬¡±Wall¡¡Street¡¡Journal¡¡Europe£¬¡¡January¡¡20£¬2003£¬p£®A12£®

£§29£§¡°Views¡¡of¡¡a¡¡Changing¡¡World¡¡2003£®¡±

£§30£§Jason¡¡De¡¡Parle£¬¡°As¡¡Rules¡¡on¡¡Welfare¡¡Tighten£¬Its¡¡Recipients¡¡Gain¡¡in¡¡Stature£¬¡±New¡¡York¡¡Times£¬September¡¡11£¬1999£®

£§31£§ÕâλÓÐÕùÒéµÄÒÕÈËÊÇ£¨ºÚÈË˵³ª¸èÊÖ£©¡°50ÃÀ·Ö¡±£¨50¡¡Cent£©¡£

£§32£§Paul¡¡Krugman£¬¡°For¡¡Richer£¬¡±New¡¡York¡¡Times£¬October¡¡20£¬2002£®

£§33£§¡°Do¡¡You¡¡Like¡¡Your¡¡Class¡¡War¡¡Shaken¡¡or¡¡Stirred£¬Sir£¿¡±Economist£¬September¡¡4£¬2003£®

£§34£§Ibid£®

£§35£§Ibid£®

£§36£§Hendrik¡¡Hertzberg£¬¡°Dividends£¬¡±Talk¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Town£¬New¡¡Yorker£¬January¡¡20£¬2003£¬pp£®29~30£®

£§37£§Cynthia¡¡Tucker£¬¡°Making¡¡Abortion¡¡Safe£¬Legal¡¡and¡¡Rare£¬¡±San¡¡Francisco¡¡Chronicle£¬January¡¡22£¬1993£®

£§38£§Bill¡¡Kristol£¬¡°On¡¡the¡¡Future¡¡of¡¡Conservatism£¬¡±mentary£¬February¡¡1997£®

£§39£§Morone£¬Hellfire¡¡Nation£¬pp£®22~23£®

£§40£§John¡¡Parker£¬¡°Survey¡¡of¡¡America£¬¡±Economist£¬November¡¡8£¬2003£¬p£®11£®

£§41£§I¡¡Thessalonians¡¡4£º16~17£®

£§42£§Parker£¬¡°Survey¡¡of¡¡America£¬¡±p£®11£®

£§43£§Christopher¡¡Caldwell£¬¡°No£¬Europe¡¡Needs¡¡to¡¡Get¡¡Real£¬¡±Time£¬January¡¡20£¬2003£®

£¨1£©¿ËÁÖ¶Ù×ÜͳÓÚ1994ÄêÇ©ÊðµÄ¼ÓÀû¸£ÄáÑÇÖÝ¡¶±©Á¦·¸×ï¿ØÖÆÓëÖ´·¨·¨°¸¡·£¨The¡¡Violent¡¡Crime¡¡Control¡¡and¡¡Law¡¡Enforcement¡¡Act¡¡of¡¡1994£©¹æ¶¨£¬Ò»Î»´¥·¸Áª°î±©Á¦·¸×ïµÄ±»¸æ£¬Èç¹ûÏÈÇ°Ôø´¥·¸Á½Ïî10ÄêÒÔÉϵı©Á¦·¸×»òÕßͬʱ´¥·¸±©Á¦Ó붾Ʒ·¸×Ôò±ØÊܵ½ÖÕÉí¼à½ûµÄ³Í·£¡£´Ë¼´Ë׳Ƶġ°ÈýÕñ³ö¾Ö·¨°¸¡±¡£¡ª¡ªÒëÕß×¢

£¨2£©Laura¡¡NorderÕâ¸öÃû×ÖÒ×±»ÃÀ¹úÄÏ·½È˶Á³É¡°law¡¡and¡¡order¡±£¬¼´¡°·¨ÂÉÓëÖÈÐò¡±¡£¡ª¡ªÒëÕß×¢

£¨3£©°ÂµØÀû¾­¼Ãѧ¼ÒÐܱ˵Ã1942ÄêÌá³ö¡°´´ÔìÐÔÆÆ»µ¡±µÄÀíÄ¼´½«Ô­Ê¼Éú²úÒªËØÖØÐÂÅÅÁÐ×éºÏΪеÄÉú²ú·½Ê½£¬ÒÔÇóÌá¸ßЧÂÊ¡¢½µµÍ³É±¾µÄ¾­¼Ã¹ý³Ì¡£¡ª¡ªÒëÕß×¢

£¨4£©Ëµ³ª¸èÊÖ50¡¡CentµÄ¸è¡£¡ª¡ªÒëÕß×¢





µÚÊ®ÈýÕÂ

½¨¹úÒÁʼ£ºÃÀ¹úÀýÍâÂ۵ĸùÔ´



ÃÀ¹ú±£ÊØÖ÷ÒåÔ˶¯µÄʱ¼äÏà¶Ô½Ï¶Ì£¬¶øÃÀ¹úÀýÍâµÄ±£ÊØÖ÷ÒåÔòÒª»ØËݵ½ÃÀ¹úµ®ÉúÖ®³õ¡£Ò»Ö±ÒÔÀ´£¬ÃÀ¹ú¾Í¾ßÓб£ÊØÖ÷ÒåµÄÌìÐÔ¡ª¡ª¶Ô¹ú¼ÒȨÁ¦µÄ»³ÒÉ¡¢¶ÔÉÌÒµµÄÈÈÇéÒÔ¼°óÆÐÅ×ڽ̡£ÃÀ¹úÔÚÀúÊ·µÄ´ó²¿·Öʱ¼äÀ¶¼¶Ô×Ô¼ºÄÇÖÖÓëÉú¾ãÀ´µÄ±£ÊØÖ÷Òå¸Ð¾õÁ¼ºÃ£¬ÒÔÖÁÓÚ²»ÐèÒª·¢ÆðÒ»³¡±£ÊØÖ÷ÒåÔ˶¯À´±íÃ÷ËüµÄÔ­Ôò»òʹµÐÈË·³Ôê²»°²¡£

ÃÀ¹úµÄѪҺÖнþ͸×ű£ÊØÖ÷Òå˼Ï룬Õâ»òÐí»áʹijЩÈ˲úÉúÒ»ÖÖÆæ¹ÖµÄ¸Ð¾õ¡£ÃÀ¹úÄѵÀ²»ÊÇÓÉÆôÃÉÔ˶¯´ßÉúµÄ¹ú¼ÒÂð£¿ËüÄѵÀ²»ÊÇÊÀ½çÉϵÚÒ»¸ö¡°ÐµĹú¼Ò¡±Âð£¿Ëü²»ÕýºÃÊÇÒ»¸öÄêÇá¹ú¼ÒµÄÑù°åÂð£¿ÄѵÀËü²»ÊÇ¡°¼¤½øÅɵÄÎÚÍаîºÍ±£ÊØÅɵİͱðËþ¡±Â𣿣§1£§ÃÀ¹úÉî˼ÊìÂǵØɨ³ýÁ˾ÉÊÀ½çµÄ¾ýÖ÷ÕþÖΡ¢¹ó×åͳÖκ͹ú¼Ò½Ì»á£¬²¢±£ÕÏÈËÃñµÄÉúÃüȨ¡¢×ÔÓÉȨºÍ×·ÇóÐÒ¸£µÄȨÀû¡£Õâ¸öй²ºÍ¹úÔÚµ®ÉúÖ®³õµÄ¼¸Ê®ÄêÀïÕ¾ÔÚ¸ïÃüµÄ·¨¹úÒ»±ß£¬·´¿¹¾ÉÊÀ½çÄÇЩãìå¬Ò»ÆøµÄ´ó¹ú¡£ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬µ±·¨¹úµÄ¸ïÃüÕßÃ͹¥ÏóÕ÷¹Å´úרÖÆÖ÷ÒåºÍѹÆȵİÍÊ¿µ×ÓüµÄʱºò£¬·¨¹ú½«¾üÀ­·¨Ò®Ìغî¾ô£¨Marquis¡¡de¡¡Lafayette£©½«°ÍÊ¿µ×ÓüµÄÔ¿³×Ë͸øÁËÇÇÖΡ¤»ªÊ¢¶Ù¡£

ºÁÎÞÒÉÎÊ£¬ÃÀ¹úµÄ±£ÊØÖ÷ÒåÊÇÒ»ÖÖÀýÍâµÄ±£ÊØÖ÷Ò塪¡ªÒ»ÖÖ¾ßÓÐÇ°Õ°ÐÔµÄÉÌÒµ¹²ºÍ¹ú±£ÊØÖ÷Ò壬¶ø·ÇÀÏÅ·ÖÞ·´¶¯µÄÍÐÀûÖ÷Òå¡£¼´±ãÈç´Ë£¬Ëü»¹ÊÇÊôÓÚ±£ÊØÖ÷Òå¡£ÃÀ¹úÊǸöÄêÇáµÄ¹ú¼Ò£¬µ«ËüÒ²ÊÇÒ»¸öÕýÔÚ×ßÏÂÆ·µÄÄêÇá¹ú¼Ò£»ÃÀ¹úÊǸïÃüµÄ²úÎ¶øÕⳡ¸ïÃüÒ²²»Í¬ÓÚ·¨¹úµÄ¸ïÃü¡£½¨¹úÒÁʼ£¬ÃÀ¹úÉç»áÖоʹæÔÚһЩÒòËØ¡ª¡ª°üÀ¨×ڽ̿ñÈȺÍ×ʱ¾Ö÷ÒåÒòËØ£¬ÉõÖÁ»¹°üÀ¨µØÀíÒòËØ¡ª¡ªÄÜ×èÖ¹Èκλ¬Ïò×óÇãµÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ¡£ÃÀ¹úÊÇÊÀ½çÉÏΨһ´ÓδÓйý×óÅÉÕþ¸®µÄ·¢´ï¹ú¼Ò¡£


ËêÔÂËä¾­Ä꣬ÐÄÒÀ¾ÉÄêÇá


ÎÒÃÇÏÈ´ÓÃÀ¹ú²»ÔÙ±»ÈÏΪÊÇÒ»¸öÕæÕý¡°ÄêÇᡱµÄ¹ú¼ÒÕâÒ»¿´·¨¿ªÊ¼ÌÖÂÛ¡£µ±È»£¬ÔÚÃÀ¹úÌرðȱ·¦¹Å³Ç±¤£¨chateaux£©ºÍ¹Å¹¬µî£¨schlossen£©£Û¾¡¹ÜËü²¢²»È±·¦¸ü½ü´úµÄÀàËƵijDZ¤ºÍ¹¬µî£¨McChateaux¡¡and¡¡McSchlossen£©£Ý£¬µ«ÊÇ£¬Õ⼸ºõ²»ÄܳÉΪÆäÄêÇáµÄʵÖÊÐÔÖ¤Ã÷¡£×îÔçµÄ¶¨¾ÓÕßÀ´µ½ÕâƬÍÁµØµÄʱºò£¬Õ²Ä·Ë¹Ò»ÊÀ»¹ÔÚÍõλÉÏ£¬¶øÓ¢¸ñÀ¼Ò²»¹Î´±ä³É²»Áеߡ£ÔÚ²éÀíÒ»ÊÀ±»´¦ËÀ֮ǰ£¬´´Á¢ÓÚ1636ÄêµÄ¹þ·ð´óѧÏòÙ¤ÀûÂÔÌṩÁËÒ»¸ö½Ìϯ¡£Ôڵ¹úºÍÒâ´óÀû£¨±»ÈÏΪÊÇÀÏÅ·ÖÞµÄÒ»²¿·Ö£©Í³Ò»Ç°100Ä꣬¡¶¶ÀÁ¢ÐûÑÔ¡·¾ÍÒѾ­Ç©ÊðÁË¡£²¨Ê¿¶ÙºÍ»ªÊ¢¶ÙµÄÀúÊ·ÖÐÐĸøÈ˸оõͬÐí¶àÅ·Ö޵Ķ¼³ÇÒ»ÑùÓƾã¨ÔÚijÖ̶ֳÈÉÏ˵£¬ÉõÖÁ»¹Òª¸üÓƾã¬ÒòΪËüÃÇÔÚµÚ¶þ´ÎÊÀ½ç´óÕ½Öв¢Î´ÔâÊ
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©
δÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡